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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Rest and Motion Kinematics

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Rest and Motion Kinematics

The velocity-time plot of a particle travelling along a straight...

The velocity-time plot of a particle travelling along a straight line is presented in the figure.
The velocity-time plot of a particle travelling along a straight line is presented in the figure.

Options

  1. AThe particle exhibits a constant acceleration.
  2. BThe average speed in the 00 to 10 s10 \text{ s} interval is equal to the average speed in the 10 s10 \text{ s} to 20 s20 \text{ s} interval.
  3. CThe particle never turns around.
  4. DThe displacement of the particle is zero.

Correct answer

B. The average speed in the 00 to 10 s10 \text{ s} interval is equal to the average speed in the 10 s10 \text{ s} to 20 s20 \text{ s} interval.

Step-by-step solution

From the given velocity-time graph, the curve is a straight line. The slope of a v−tv-t graph represents acceleration. Since the slope is constant, the particle exhibits a constant acceleration. Thus, option (1) is correct.

The distance covered in a time interval is the magnitude of the area under the v−tv-t graph.
For the interval 00 to 10 s10 \text{ s}:
Distance d1=12×10×10=50 md_1 = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 10 \times 10 = 50 \text{ m}
Average speed =d1Δt=5010=5 m/s= \dfrac{d_1}{\Delta t} = \dfrac{50}{10} = 5 \text{ m/s}

For the interval 10 s10 \text{ s} to 20 s20 \text{ s}:
From the graph's constant slope, at t=20 st = 20 \text{ s}, the velocity is v=−10 m/sv = -10 \text{ m/s}.
Distance d2=12×(20−10)×∣−10∣=50 md_2 = \dfrac{1}{2} \times (20 - 10) \times |-10| = 50 \text{ m}
Average speed =d2Δt=5010=5 m/s= \dfrac{d_2}{\Delta t} = \dfrac{50}{10} = 5 \text{ m/s}
The average speeds in both intervals are equal. Thus, option (2) is correct.

At t=10 st = 10 \text{ s}, the velocity changes its sign from positive to negative, which means the particle reverses its direction of motion. Thus, option (3) is incorrect.

The total displacement for the 30 s30 \text{ s} interval is the net area under the v−tv-t graph:
Displacement =12×10×10−12×(30−10)×20=50−200=−150 m≠0= \dfrac{1}{2} \times 10 \times 10 - \dfrac{1}{2} \times (30 - 10) \times 20 = 50 - 200 = -150 \text{ m} \neq 0.
Thus, option (4) is incorrect.
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