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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Capacitors

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Capacitors

In the circuit shown in the figure, each capacitor has a...

In the circuit shown in the figure, each capacitor has a capacitance of 5.0μF5.0 \mu\text{F} and the battery has an emf of 50 V50 \text{ V}. Determine the amount of charge that will flow through ABAB when the switch SS is closed.
In the circuit shown in the figure, each capacitor has a capacitance of 5.0 and the battery has an emf of 50 V .

Options

  1. A5.0×10−4 C5.0 \times 10^{-4} \text{ C}
  2. B3.3×10−4 C3.3 \times 10^{-4} \text{ C}
  3. C6.7×10−4 C6.7 \times 10^{-4} \text{ C}
  4. D1.7×10−4 C1.7 \times 10^{-4} \text{ C}

Correct answer

B. 3.3×10−4 C3.3 \times 10^{-4} \text{ C}

Step-by-step solution

Let the capacitance of each capacitor be C=5.0μFC = 5.0 \mu\text{F} and the voltage of the battery be V=50 VV = 50 \text{ V}.

Before the switch SS is closed, the circuit consists of two capacitors in parallel, which are in series with a third capacitor.
The equivalent capacitance of the parallel combination is:
Cp=C+C=5.0+5.0=10.0μFC_{p} = C + C = 5.0 + 5.0 = 10.0 \mu\text{F}

This combination is in series with the third capacitor CC. The initial equivalent capacitance of the entire circuit is:
Cinitial=Cp×CCp+C=10.0×5.010.0+5.0=5015=103μFC_{initial} = \dfrac{C_{p} \times C}{C_{p} + C} = \dfrac{10.0 \times 5.0}{10.0 + 5.0} = \dfrac{50}{15} = \dfrac{10}{3} \mu\text{F}

The initial charge supplied by the battery is:
Qinitial=Cinitial×V=103×50=5003μCQ_{initial} = C_{initial} \times V = \dfrac{10}{3} \times 50 = \dfrac{500}{3} \mu\text{C}

When the switch SS is closed, it short-circuits the third capacitor. The circuit now consists only of the parallel combination of the first two capacitors connected directly across the battery.
The final equivalent capacitance is:
Cfinal=Cp=10.0μFC_{final} = C_{p} = 10.0 \mu\text{F}

The final charge supplied by the battery is:
Qfinal=Cfinal×V=10.0×50=500μCQ_{final} = C_{final} \times V = 10.0 \times 50 = 500 \mu\text{C}

The amount of charge that flows through the wire ABAB is the additional charge drawn from the battery:
ΔQ=Qfinal−Qinitial=500−5003=10003μC\Delta Q = Q_{final} - Q_{initial} = 500 - \dfrac{500}{3} = \dfrac{1000}{3} \mu\text{C}

ΔQ≈333.3μC=3.33×10−4 C\Delta Q \approx 333.3 \mu\text{C} = 3.33 \times 10^{-4} \text{ C}
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