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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Capacitors

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Capacitors

Find the capacitance between points A and B of a circuit...

Find the capacitance between points AA and BB of a circuit constructed with five capacitors. Point AA is connected to a 1 μF1\ \mu\text{F} capacitor and a 2 μF2\ \mu\text{F} capacitor. The other terminal of the 1 μF1\ \mu\text{F} capacitor is connected to a node CC, and the other terminal of the 2 μF2\ \mu\text{F} capacitor is connected to a node DD. A 3 μF3\ \mu\text{F} capacitor connects node CC to point BB, and a 6 μF6\ \mu\text{F} capacitor connects node DD to point BB. A 5 μF5\ \mu\text{F} capacitor is placed between nodes CC and DD.
Find the capacitance between points A and B of a circuit constructed with five capacitors. Point A is connected to a 1\

Options

  1. A2.25 μF2.25\ \mu\text{F}
  2. B17.0 μF17.0\ \mu\text{F}
  3. C12.0 μF12.0\ \mu\text{F}
  4. D7.25 μF7.25\ \mu\text{F}

Correct answer

A. 2.25 μF2.25\ \mu\text{F}

Step-by-step solution

The given circuit forms a Wheatstone bridge with the following capacitors:

C1=1μFC_1 = 1 \mu\text{F} (between A and C)
C2=2μFC_2 = 2 \mu\text{F} (between A and D)
C3=3μFC_3 = 3 \mu\text{F} (between C and B)
C4=6μFC_4 = 6 \mu\text{F} (between D and B)
C5=5μFC_5 = 5 \mu\text{F} (between C and D)

Checking the balance condition for the Wheatstone bridge:
C1C2=12\dfrac{C_1}{C_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}
C3C4=36=12\dfrac{C_3}{C_4} = \dfrac{3}{6} = \dfrac{1}{2}

Since C1C2=C3C4\dfrac{C_1}{C_2} = \dfrac{C_3}{C_4}, the bridge is balanced. Therefore, the potential at node C is equal to the potential at node D (VC=VDV_C = V_D). No charge will flow through the 5μF5 \mu\text{F} capacitor, and it can be removed from the circuit.

The circuit now simplifies to two parallel branches:
Upper branch (series combination of C1C_1 and C3C_3):
Cupper=C1C3C1+C3=1×31+3=34=0.75μFC_{upper} = \dfrac{C_1 C_3}{C_1 + C_3} = \dfrac{1 \times 3}{1 + 3} = \dfrac{3}{4} = 0.75 \mu\text{F}

Lower branch (series combination of C2C_2 and C4C_4):
Clower=C2C4C2+C4=2×62+6=128=1.5μFC_{lower} = \dfrac{C_2 C_4}{C_2 + C_4} = \dfrac{2 \times 6}{2 + 6} = \dfrac{12}{8} = 1.5 \mu\text{F}

The equivalent capacitance between points A and B is the sum of the capacitances of these parallel branches:
CAB=Cupper+Clower=0.75+1.5=2.25μFC_{AB} = C_{upper} + C_{lower} = 0.75 + 1.5 = 2.25 \mu\text{F}
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