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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Capacitors

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Capacitors

A large conducting plane possesses a surface charge density of 1.0...

A large conducting plane possesses a surface charge density of 1.0×10−4 C m−21.0 \times 10^{-4} \text{ C m}^{-2}. Determine the electrostatic energy stored within a cubical volume of edge 1.0 cm1.0 \text{ cm} situated in front of the plane.

Options

  1. A1.4×10−4 J1.4 \times 10^{-4} \text{ J}
  2. B1.1×10−3 J1.1 \times 10^{-3} \text{ J}
  3. C5.6×10−2 J5.6 \times 10^{-2} \text{ J}
  4. D5.6×10−4 J5.6 \times 10^{-4} \text{ J}

Correct answer

D. 5.6×10−4 J5.6 \times 10^{-4} \text{ J}

Step-by-step solution

The electric field just outside a large conducting plane is given by:

E=σϵ0E = \dfrac{\sigma}{\epsilon_0}

where σ\sigma is the surface charge density.

The electrostatic energy density (energy stored per unit volume) in the electric field is:

u=12ϵ0E2=12ϵ0(σϵ0)2=σ22ϵ0u = \dfrac{1}{2} \epsilon_0 E^2 = \dfrac{1}{2} \epsilon_0 \left(\dfrac{\sigma}{\epsilon_0}\right)^2 = \dfrac{\sigma^2}{2\epsilon_0}

The volume of the cubical region is:

V=a3=(1.0×10−2 m)3=1.0×10−6 m3V = a^3 = (1.0 \times 10^{-2} \text{ m})^3 = 1.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m}^3

The total electrostatic energy stored in this volume is:

U=u×V=σ22ϵ0VU = u \times V = \dfrac{\sigma^2}{2\epsilon_0} V

Substituting the given values σ=1.0×10−4 C m−2\sigma = 1.0 \times 10^{-4} \text{ C m}^{-2} and ϵ0=8.85×10−12 F m−1\epsilon_0 = 8.85 \times 10^{-12} \text{ F m}^{-1}:

U=(1.0×10−4)22×8.85×10−12×1.0×10−6U = \dfrac{(1.0 \times 10^{-4})^2}{2 \times 8.85 \times 10^{-12}} \times 1.0 \times 10^{-6}

U=10−8×10−617.7×10−12=10−1417.7×10−12=10−217.7U = \dfrac{10^{-8} \times 10^{-6}}{17.7 \times 10^{-12}} = \dfrac{10^{-14}}{17.7 \times 10^{-12}} = \dfrac{10^{-2}}{17.7}

U≈5.6×10−4 JU \approx 5.6 \times 10^{-4} \text{ J}
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