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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Heat Transfer

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Heat Transfer

Seven rods A , B , C , D , E , F and G are connected as depicted in...

Seven rods AA, BB, CC, DD, EE, FF and GG are connected as depicted in the figure. Every rod possesses an identical cross-sectional area AA and length ll. The thermal conductivities of the respective rods are KA=KC=K0K_A = K_C = K_0, KB=KD=2K0K_B = K_D = 2K_0, KE=3K0K_E = 3K_0, KF=4K0K_F = 4K_0 and KG=5K0K_G = 5K_0. The rod EE is maintained at a steady temperature T1T_1, while the rod GG is maintained at a steady temperature T2T_2 (T2>T1T_2 > T_1). Determine the uniform temperature of the rod FF.
Seven rods A , B , C , D , E , F and G are connected as depicted in the figure. Every rod possesses an identical

Options

  1. A3T1+2T25\dfrac{3T_1 + 2T_2}{5}
  2. BT1+2T23\dfrac{T_1 + 2T_2}{3}
  3. C2T1+T23\dfrac{2T_1 + T_2}{3}
  4. DT1+T22\dfrac{T_1 + T_2}{2}

Correct answer

B. T1+2T23\dfrac{T_1 + 2T_2}{3}

Step-by-step solution

Let the thermal resistance of rod A be RA=lK0A=R0R_A = \dfrac{l}{K_0 A} = R_0.

The thermal resistances of the other relevant rods are:
RC=lK0A=R0R_C = \dfrac{l}{K_0 A} = R_0
RB=l2K0A=R02R_B = \dfrac{l}{2K_0 A} = \dfrac{R_0}{2}
RD=l2K0A=R02R_D = \dfrac{l}{2K_0 A} = \dfrac{R_0}{2}

Since rod E is maintained at a steady temperature T1T_1 and rod G is maintained at a steady temperature T2T_2, the junctions of A and C with E are at temperature T1T_1, and the junctions of B and D with G are at temperature T2T_2.

Let the temperature of the upper junction (between A, B, and F) be TxT_x and the lower junction (between C, D, and F) be TyT_y.

Applying the principle of continuity of heat flow (Kirchhoff's junction law) at the upper junction:
T1−TxRA+T2−TxRB+Ty−TxRF=0\dfrac{T_1 - T_x}{R_A} + \dfrac{T_2 - T_x}{R_B} + \dfrac{T_y - T_x}{R_F} = 0
⇒T1−TxR0+2(T2−Tx)R0+Ty−TxRF=0\Rightarrow \dfrac{T_1 - T_x}{R_0} + \dfrac{2(T_2 - T_x)}{R_0} + \dfrac{T_y - T_x}{R_F} = 0 --- (1)

Similarly, at the lower junction:
T1−TyRC+T2−TyRD+Tx−TyRF=0\dfrac{T_1 - T_y}{R_C} + \dfrac{T_2 - T_y}{R_D} + \dfrac{T_x - T_y}{R_F} = 0
⇒T1−TyR0+2(T2−Ty)R0+Tx−TyRF=0\Rightarrow \dfrac{T_1 - T_y}{R_0} + \dfrac{2(T_2 - T_y)}{R_0} + \dfrac{T_x - T_y}{R_F} = 0 --- (2)

Due to the symmetry of the upper and lower branches (RA=RCR_A = R_C and RB=RDR_B = R_D), the temperature of the upper and lower junctions must be equal, i.e., Tx=TyT_x = T_y.

Since Tx=TyT_x = T_y, no heat flows through rod F, and it possesses a uniform temperature TF=Tx=TyT_F = T_x = T_y.

Substituting Ty=TxT_y = T_x into equation (1):
T1−TxR0+2(T2−Tx)R0+0=0\dfrac{T_1 - T_x}{R_0} + \dfrac{2(T_2 - T_x)}{R_0} + 0 = 0
⇒T1−Tx+2T2−2Tx=0\Rightarrow T_1 - T_x + 2T_2 - 2T_x = 0
⇒3Tx=T1+2T2\Rightarrow 3T_x = T_1 + 2T_2
⇒Tx=T1+2T23\Rightarrow T_x = \dfrac{T_1 + 2T_2}{3}

Thus, the uniform temperature of rod F is T1+2T23\dfrac{T_1 + 2T_2}{3}.

Answer: T1+2T23\dfrac{T_1 + 2T_2}{3}
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