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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Heat Transfer

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Heat Transfer

Seven rods A , B , C , D , E , F and G are connected as depicted in...

Seven rods AA, BB, CC, DD, EE, FF and GG are connected as depicted in the figure. Every rod possesses an identical cross-sectional area AA and length ll. The thermal conductivities of the respective rods are KA=KC=K0K_A = K_C = K_0, KB=KD=2K0K_B = K_D = 2K_0, KE=3K0K_E = 3K_0, KF=4K0K_F = 4K_0 and KG=5K0K_G = 5K_0. The rod EE is maintained at a steady temperature T1T_1, while the rod GG is maintained at a steady temperature T2T_2 (T2>T1T_2 > T_1). Determine the rate of heat flowing from the source that maintains the temperature T2T_2.
Seven rods A , B , C , D , E , F and G are connected as depicted in the figure. Every rod possesses an identical

Options

  1. A8K0A(T2−T1)3l\dfrac{8 K_0 A (T_2 - T_1)}{3l}
  2. BK0A(T2−T1)l\dfrac{K_0 A (T_2 - T_1)}{l}
  3. C4K0A(T2−T1)3l\dfrac{4 K_0 A (T_2 - T_1)}{3l}
  4. D2K0A(T2−T1)3l\dfrac{2 K_0 A (T_2 - T_1)}{3l}

Correct answer

C. 4K0A(T2−T1)3l\dfrac{4 K_0 A (T_2 - T_1)}{3l}

Step-by-step solution

Let the thermal resistance of a rod be given by R=lKAR = \dfrac{l}{KA}.

The thermal resistances of the given rods are:
RA=lK0AR_A = \dfrac{l}{K_0 A}
RB=l2K0A=RA2R_B = \dfrac{l}{2K_0 A} = \dfrac{R_A}{2}
RC=lK0A=RAR_C = \dfrac{l}{K_0 A} = R_A
RD=l2K0A=RA2R_D = \dfrac{l}{2K_0 A} = \dfrac{R_A}{2}
RF=l4K0A=RA4R_F = \dfrac{l}{4K_0 A} = \dfrac{R_A}{4}

Since rod E is maintained at a steady temperature T1T_1 and rod G is maintained at a steady temperature T2T_2, they act as isothermal reservoirs. The entire rod E is at T1T_1 and the entire rod G is at T2T_2. Therefore, their thermal conductivities (KEK_E and KGK_G) do not contribute to the thermal resistance of the heat flow path.

The rods A, B, C, D, and F form a Wheatstone bridge circuit between the temperature reservoirs at T2T_2 and T1T_1. Heat flows from rod G (T2T_2) to rod E (T1T_1).

Let's check the balance condition of the Wheatstone bridge:
RBRA=l2K0AlK0A=12\dfrac{R_B}{R_A} = \dfrac{\dfrac{l}{2K_0 A}}{\dfrac{l}{K_0 A}} = \dfrac{1}{2}
RDRC=l2K0AlK0A=12\dfrac{R_D}{R_C} = \dfrac{\dfrac{l}{2K_0 A}}{\dfrac{l}{K_0 A}} = \dfrac{1}{2}

Since RBRA=RDRC\dfrac{R_B}{R_A} = \dfrac{R_D}{R_C}, the Wheatstone bridge is balanced. This implies that the junctions connected by rod F are at the same temperature, and no heat flows through rod F.

The equivalent thermal resistance of the network ReqR_{eq} is the parallel combination of the top branch (rods B and A in series) and the bottom branch (rods D and C in series).

Resistance of the top branch:
Rtop=RB+RA=l2K0A+lK0A=3l2K0AR_{top} = R_B + R_A = \dfrac{l}{2K_0 A} + \dfrac{l}{K_0 A} = \dfrac{3l}{2K_0 A}

Resistance of the bottom branch:
Rbottom=RD+RC=l2K0A+lK0A=3l2K0AR_{bottom} = R_D + R_C = \dfrac{l}{2K_0 A} + \dfrac{l}{K_0 A} = \dfrac{3l}{2K_0 A}

The equivalent thermal resistance ReqR_{eq} is:
1Req=1Rtop+1Rbottom=2K0A3l+2K0A3l=4K0A3l\dfrac{1}{R_{eq}} = \dfrac{1}{R_{top}} + \dfrac{1}{R_{bottom}} = \dfrac{2K_0 A}{3l} + \dfrac{2K_0 A}{3l} = \dfrac{4K_0 A}{3l}
⇒Req=3l4K0A\Rightarrow R_{eq} = \dfrac{3l}{4K_0 A}

The rate of heat flowing from the source is:
H=T2−T1Req=T2−T13l4K0A=4K0A(T2−T1)3lH = \dfrac{T_2 - T_1}{R_{eq}} = \dfrac{T_2 - T_1}{\dfrac{3l}{4K_0 A}} = \dfrac{4K_0 A (T_2 - T_1)}{3l}

Answer: 4K0A(T2−T1)3l\dfrac{4 K_0 A (T_2 - T_1)}{3l}
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