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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Magnetic Field

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Magnetic Field

Two metal strips, each of length l , are clamped parallel to one...

Two metal strips, each of length ll, are clamped parallel to one another on a horizontal floor with a separation bb between them. A wire of mass mm lies perpendicularly across them, as shown in the figure. A vertically upward magnetic field of strength BB is present in the space. The metal strips are smooth, whereas the coefficient of friction between the wire and the floor is μ\mu. Once the switch SS is closed at the instant t=0t = 0, a current ii is established. Determine how far away from the strips the wire will reach before coming to a halt.
Two metal strips, each of length l , are clamped parallel to one another on a horizontal floor with a separation b

Options

  1. A2ilbBμmg\dfrac{2 i l b B}{\mu m g}
  2. BilbB2μmg\dfrac{i l b B}{2 \mu m g}
  3. CilbBμmg\dfrac{i l b B}{\mu m g}
  4. Dib2Bμmg\dfrac{i b^2 B}{\mu m g}

Correct answer

C. ilbBμmg\dfrac{i l b B}{\mu m g}

Step-by-step solution

While the wire is on the metal strips, it experiences a magnetic force due to the current flowing through it. The magnitude of this magnetic force is given by:

Fm=ibBF_m = i b B

Since the metal strips are smooth, there is no frictional force acting on the wire during this part of the motion. The work done by the magnetic force as the wire moves along the entire length ll of the strips is converted into its kinetic energy:

Wm=Fm×l=ibBlW_m = F_m \times l = i b B l

Let vv be the velocity of the wire just as it leaves the metal strips. Its kinetic energy is:

K=ibBlK = i b B l

Once the wire leaves the strips, it moves on the horizontal floor where the magnetic force is no longer present (as the circuit is broken), but it experiences a kinetic frictional force. The frictional force is:

fk=μmgf_k = \mu m g

Let xx be the distance the wire travels on the floor before coming to a halt. The work done by friction will dissipate the entire kinetic energy of the wire. By the work-energy theorem:

Wf=ΔKW_f = \Delta K

−fk×x=0−K-f_k \times x = 0 - K

μmgx=ibBl\mu m g x = i b B l

Solving for xx, we get the distance the wire reaches away from the strips:

x=ilbBμmgx = \dfrac{i l b B}{\mu m g}
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