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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Magnetic Field

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Magnetic Field

A particle travels in a region containing a uniform magnetic field...

A particle travels in a region containing a uniform magnetic field and a parallel, uniform electric field. At a specific instant, the particle's velocity is perpendicular to the direction of the fields. The path taken by the particle will be

Options

  1. Aa helix with nonuniform pitch
  2. Ba helix with uniform pitch
  3. Ca straight line
  4. Da circle

Correct answer

A. a helix with nonuniform pitch

Step-by-step solution

Let the uniform electric and magnetic fields be directed along the z-axis, so E⃗=Ek^\vec{E} = E \hat{k} and B⃗=Bk^\vec{B} = B \hat{k}.

The initial velocity of the particle is perpendicular to the fields. Let v⃗=v0i^\vec{v} = v_0 \hat{i}.

The magnetic force acting on the particle is F⃗m=q(v⃗×B⃗)\vec{F}_m = q(\vec{v} \times \vec{B}), which provides the necessary centripetal force to move the particle in a circular path in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. The radius of this circular path is constant since the perpendicular speed remains constant.

The electric force acting on the particle is F⃗e=qE⃗\vec{F}_e = q\vec{E}, which provides a constant acceleration a=qEma = \dfrac{qE}{m} along the direction of the fields.

Due to this acceleration, the component of velocity parallel to the fields increases continuously with time (v∥=atv_{\parallel} = at).

The combination of uniform circular motion in the perpendicular plane and accelerated motion along the parallel direction results in a helical path.

The pitch of the helix is the distance traveled along the magnetic field during one complete revolution. Since the velocity along the field is increasing, the pitch increases with time. Thus, the path is a helix with nonuniform pitch.
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