Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Magnetic Field
A charged particle is moving through a uniform magnetic field. At a...
A charged particle is moving through a uniform magnetic field. At a given instant, the particle's velocity forms an acute angle with the magnetic field. The path followed by the particle will be
Options
Aa circle
Ba straight line
Ca helix with nonuniform pitch
Da helix with uniform pitch
Correct answer
D. a helix with uniform pitch
Step-by-step solution
Let the magnetic field be Bandthevelocityofthechargedparticlebe\vec{v}.<br><br>Thevelocity\vec{v}canberesolvedintotwocomponents:v_{\parallel} = v \cos \thetaparalleltothemagneticfieldandv_{\perp} = v \sin \thetaperpendiculartothemagneticfield,where\thetaistheacuteanglebetween\vec{v}and\vec{B}.<br><br>Theperpendicularcomponentv_{\perp}providesthenecessarycentripetalforce,causingtheparticletomoveinacircularpathofradiusr = \dfrac{mv_{\perp}}{qB}.<br><br>Theparallelcomponentv_{\parallel}remainsconstantsincethereisnoforceactingalongthedirectionofthemagneticfield.<br><br>Thecombinationofuniformcircularmotionanduniformlinearmotionresultsinahelicalpath.<br><br>ThepitchofthehelixisthedistancetraveledalongthemagneticfieldinonetimeperiodT,givenbyp = v_{\parallel} T = v \cos \theta \left(\dfrac{2\pi m}{qB}\right).
Since v, θ, m, q, and B are all constant, the pitch of the helix is uniform.