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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
The Nucleus

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · The Nucleus

A newly prepared radioactive source with a half-life of 2 h emits...

A newly prepared radioactive source with a half-life of 2 h2 \text{ h} emits radiation at an intensity 6464 times the allowable safe level. The minimum time required before one can safely work with this source is

Options

  1. A12 h12 \text{ h}
  2. B24 h24 \text{ h}
  3. C128 h128 \text{ h}
  4. D6 h6 \text{ h}

Correct answer

A. 12 h12 \text{ h}

Step-by-step solution

Let the safe level of radiation intensity be I0I_0.

The initial intensity of the radioactive source is I=64I0I = 64 I_0.

The intensity after nn half-lives is given by I(t)=I(12)nI(t) = I \left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n.

For the source to be safe to work with, we require I(t)≤I0I(t) \le I_0.

64I0(12)n≤I064 I_0 \left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n \le I_0

642n≤1\dfrac{64}{2^n} \le 1

2n≥642^n \ge 64

Since 64=2664 = 2^6, we get n=6n = 6.

The minimum number of half-lives required is 66.

Given the half-life T1/2=2 hT_{1/2} = 2 \text{ h}, the minimum time required is t=n×T1/2=6×2 h=12 ht = n \times T_{1/2} = 6 \times 2 \text{ h} = 12 \text{ h}.
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