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JEE Main 202624 JanuaryMorning Shift
Exam
JEE Main
Year
2026
Date
24 January
Shift
Morning Shift
Subject
Chemistry
Chapter
Solutions

JEE Main 2026 · 24 January · Morning Shift · Chemistry · Solutions

' W ' g of a non-volatile electrolyte solid solute of molar mass '...

' W ' g of a non-volatile electrolyte solid solute of molar mass ' M ' gmol−1\mathrm{g} \mathrm{mol}^{-1} when dissolved in 100 mL water, decreases vapour pressure of water from 640 mm Hg to 600 mm Hg. If aqueous solution of the electrolyte boils at 375 K and Kb\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{b}} for water is 0.52 K kg mol−10.52 \mathrm{~K} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}, then the mole fraction of the electrolyte solute (x2)\left(x_{2}\right) in the solution can be expressed as
(Given : density of water =1 g/mL=1 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL} and boiling point of water =373 K=373 \mathrm{~K})

Options

  1. A2⋅616×MW\frac{2 \cdot 6}{16} \times \frac{\mathrm{M}}{\mathrm{W}}
  2. B162⋅6×WM\frac{16}{2 \cdot 6} \times \frac{\mathrm{W}}{\mathrm{M}}
  3. C1.38×MW\frac{1.3}{8} \times \frac{\mathrm{M}}{\mathrm{W}}
  4. D1⋅38×WM\frac{1 \cdot 3}{8} \times \frac{\mathrm{W}}{\mathrm{M}}

Correct answer

D. 1⋅38×WM\frac{1 \cdot 3}{8} \times \frac{\mathrm{W}}{\mathrm{M}}

Step-by-step solution

Given the vapour pressure of pure water Po=640P^o = 640 mm Hg and vapour pressure of solution Ps=600P_s = 600 mm Hg.
According to Raoult's law for an electrolyte solution, the relative lowering of vapour pressure is given by Po−PsPo=i⋅x2\frac{P^o - P_s}{P^o} = i \cdot x_2, where ii is the van't Hoff factor and x2x_2 is the mole fraction of the solute.
Substituting the values: 640−600640=i⋅x2\frac{640 - 600}{640} = i \cdot x_2
40640=i⋅x2  ⟹  i⋅x2=116\frac{40}{640} = i \cdot x_2 \implies i \cdot x_2 = \frac{1}{16} ... (1)
The elevation in boiling point is given by ΔTb=i⋅Kb⋅m\Delta T_b = i \cdot K_b \cdot m, where mm is the molality.
Given Tb=375T_b = 375 K and Tbo=373T_b^o = 373 K, so ΔTb=375−373=2\Delta T_b = 375 - 373 = 2 K.
Molality m=WM×100×1000=10WMm = \frac{W}{M \times 100} \times 1000 = \frac{10W}{M} (since mass of water = 100100 mL ×1\times 1 g/mL = 100100 g).
Substituting in the elevation formula: 2=i⋅0.52⋅10WM2 = i \cdot 0.52 \cdot \frac{10W}{M}
i=2M5.2W=20M52W=5M13Wi = \frac{2M}{5.2W} = \frac{20M}{52W} = \frac{5M}{13W} ... (2)
Substitute the value of ii from (2) into (1):
5M13W⋅x2=116\frac{5M}{13W} \cdot x_2 = \frac{1}{16}
x2=116⋅13W5M=1380⋅WMx_2 = \frac{1}{16} \cdot \frac{13W}{5M} = \frac{13}{80} \cdot \frac{W}{M}
This can be rewritten as x2=1.38×WMx_2 = \frac{1.3}{8} \times \frac{W}{M}.
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