The electric field intensity on the surface of a solid charged sphere of radius r and volume charge density is ( ₀= permittivity of free space)

Step-by-step solution

Electric Field on a Uniformly Charged Solid Sphere The electric field at the surface of a uniformly charged solid sphere is determined using Gauss's law. With a spherical Gaussian surface of radius r and volume charge density , the enclosed charge is Q_ enclosed = 4 3 r^3 . By symmetry, the electric field is radial and constant in magnitude over the Gaussian surface. Applying Gauss's law: E 4 r^2 = Q_ enclosed ₀ Substituting the enclosed charge: E 4 r^2 = 4 3 r^3 ₀ Solving for E : E = r 3 ₀ The result corresponds t