Match List I with List II: List I List II A Earth Summit I Passenger pigeon B Ex-situ conservation II Rio de Janeiro (1992) C Habitat loss and fragmentation III Amazon rain forest D Over-exploitation IV Seed banks and botanical gardens Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Step-by-step solution

The Earth Summit, a historic convention on biological diversity, was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Thus, A matches II. Ex-situ conservation involves protecting endangered species outside their natural habitats, which includes seed banks, botanical gardens, and zoological parks. Thus, B matches IV. Habitat loss and fragmentation is the primary cause of biodiversity loss, with the Amazon rain forest being a prominent example where massive deforestation has occurred. Thus, C matches III. Over-exploitation of natural