NEET2026BiologyChapterActual
In a typical cloning vector such as pBR322, what is the primary function of the genes encoding resistance to antibiotics like ampicillin or tetracycline?
Options
- AThey act as the origin of replication ( ori ) to initiate DNA synthesis.
- BThey serve as selectable markers to help identify and isolate transformants.
- CThey provide the primary mechanism to cut the host genomic DNA.
- DThey code for proteins that are essential for the replication of the plasmid.
Correct answer
B. They serve as selectable markers to help identify and isolate transformants.
Step-by-step solution
In a cloning vector like pBR322, genes encoding resistance to antibiotics (such as ampicillin or tetracycline) function as selectable markers. Selectable markers are essential for identifying and eliminating non-transformants and selectively permitting the growth of transformants. When host cells are plated on a medium containing the specific antibiotic, only those cells that have successfully taken up the plasmid (transformants) will survive and form colonies, while the non-transformants will be killed. Answer: Th