Aniline is treated with NaNO ₂ and HCl at 0 - 5^ C to form intermediate A. Intermediate A is then treated with Cu ₂ Cl ₂/ HCl to form compound B. Finally, compound B is reacted with sodium in dry ether to yield compound C. Identify the name of the reaction forming B from A, the name of the reaction forming C from B, and the identity of compound C, respectively.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1: Aniline reacts with NaNO ₂/ HCl at 0 - 5^ C to undergo diazotization, forming benzenediazonium chloride (Intermediate A). Step 2: Benzenediazonium chloride (A) reacts with Cu ₂ Cl ₂/ HCl to form chlorobenzene (Compound B). The use of cuprous chloride ( Cu ₂ Cl ₂ ) to replace the diazonium group with a chlorine atom is known as the Sandmeyer reaction. Step 3: Chlorobenzene (B) reacts with sodium ( Na ) in dry ether. This is a coupling reaction of two aryl halides, known as the Fittig reaction, which yields b