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JEE Main
Exam
JEE Main
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Mathematics in Physics

JEE Main · Physics · Mathematics in Physics

In an experiment to determine the acceleration due to gravity ( g )...

In an experiment to determine the acceleration due to gravity (gg) using a simple pendulum, the length of the pendulum is measured as (100.0±0.1) cm(100.0 \pm 0.1)\text{ cm} and its time period of oscillation is measured as (2.00±0.02) s(2.00 \pm 0.02)\text{ s}. The maximum percentage error in the calculated value of gg will be

Options

  1. A1.1%1.1\%
  2. B2.1%2.1\%
  3. C1.9%1.9\%
  4. D1.2%1.2\%

Correct answer

B. 2.1%2.1\%

Step-by-step solution

The time period of a simple pendulum is given by T=2πlgT = 2\pi\sqrt{\dfrac{l}{g}}.

Squaring both sides and rearranging for gg, we get:
g=4π2lT2g = \dfrac{4\pi^2 l}{T^2}

The maximum relative error in gg is given by:
Δgg=Δll+2ΔTT\dfrac{\Delta g}{g} = \dfrac{\Delta l}{l} + 2\dfrac{\Delta T}{T}

Percentage error in length ll is:
Δll×100=0.1100.0×100=0.1%\dfrac{\Delta l}{l} \times 100 = \dfrac{0.1}{100.0} \times 100 = 0.1\%

Percentage error in time period TT is:
ΔTT×100=0.022.00×100=1.0%\dfrac{\Delta T}{T} \times 100 = \dfrac{0.02}{2.00} \times 100 = 1.0\%

Therefore, the maximum percentage error in gg is:
\left(\dfrac{\Delta g}{g} \times 100\right) = 0.1\% + 2(1.0\%) = 2.1\%<br><br>Answer:<br><br>Answer:2.1\%
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