NDA 2025
- Exam
- NDA
- Year
- 2025
- Subject
- Mathematics
- Chapter
- Trigonometric Ratios & Identities
NDA 2025 · Mathematics · Trigonometric Ratios & Identities
Consider the following for the three (03) items that follow: Let p...
Consider the following for the three (03) items that follow:
Let , and .
What is equal to?
Let , and .
What is equal to?
Options
- A
- B
- C
- D
Correct answer
C.
Step-by-step solution
Given p = \sin 35^{}^{\circ}, q = \sin 25^{}^{\circ}, and r = \sin(-95^{}^{\circ}).
Simplifying :
r = -\sin(90^{}^{\circ} + 5^{}^{\circ}) = -\cos 5^{}^{\circ}
We need to find the value of :
p^2 + q^2 + r^2 = \sin^2 35^{}^{\circ} + \sin^2 25^{}^{\circ} + \cos^2 5^{}^{\circ}
Using the identities :
p^2 + q^2 + r^2 = \dfrac{1 - \cos 70^{}^{\circ}}{2} + \dfrac{1 - \cos 50^{}^{\circ}}{2} + \dfrac{1 + \cos 10^{}^{\circ}}{2}
= \dfrac{3}{2} - \dfrac{1}{2}(\cos 70^{}^{\circ} + \cos 50^{}^{\circ} - \cos 10^{}^{\circ})
Using the sum-to-product formula \cos C + \cos D = 2 \cos \left(\dfrac{C+D}{2}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{C-D}{2}\right):<br><br>\cos 70^{}^{\circ} + \cos 50^{}^{\circ} = 2 \cos \left(\dfrac{70^{}^{\circ} + 50^{}^{\circ}}{2}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{70^{}^{\circ} - 50^{}^{\circ}}{2}\right)<br><br>= 2 \cos 60^{}^{\circ} \cos 10^{}^{\circ}= 2 \left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right) \cos10^{}^{\circ} = \cos 10^{}^{\circ}
Substituting this back into the expression:
\dfrac{3}{2} - \dfrac{1}{2}(\cos10^{}^{\circ} - \cos 10^{}^{\circ})
=\dfrac{3}{2} -\dfrac{3}{2}
Answer: \dfrac{3}{2}
Simplifying :
r = -\sin(90^{}^{\circ} + 5^{}^{\circ}) = -\cos 5^{}^{\circ}
We need to find the value of :
p^2 + q^2 + r^2 = \sin^2 35^{}^{\circ} + \sin^2 25^{}^{\circ} + \cos^2 5^{}^{\circ}
Using the identities :
p^2 + q^2 + r^2 = \dfrac{1 - \cos 70^{}^{\circ}}{2} + \dfrac{1 - \cos 50^{}^{\circ}}{2} + \dfrac{1 + \cos 10^{}^{\circ}}{2}
= \dfrac{3}{2} - \dfrac{1}{2}(\cos 70^{}^{\circ} + \cos 50^{}^{\circ} - \cos 10^{}^{\circ})
Using the sum-to-product formula \cos C + \cos D = 2 \cos \left(\dfrac{C+D}{2}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{C-D}{2}\right):<br><br>\cos 70^{}^{\circ} + \cos 50^{}^{\circ} = 2 \cos \left(\dfrac{70^{}^{\circ} + 50^{}^{\circ}}{2}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{70^{}^{\circ} - 50^{}^{\circ}}{2}\right)<br><br>= 2 \cos 60^{}^{\circ} \cos 10^{}^{\circ}= 2 \left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right) \cos10^{}^{\circ} = \cos 10^{}^{\circ}
Substituting this back into the expression:
\dfrac{3}{2} - \dfrac{1}{2}(\cos10^{}^{\circ} - \cos 10^{}^{\circ})
=\dfrac{3}{2} -\dfrac{3}{2}
Answer: \dfrac{3}{2}