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NEET2026ChemistryClassification of Elements and Periodicity in PropertiesActual

The correct statement is

Options

  1. AAluminium has five valence orbitals.
  2. BBoron has a maximum covalency of four.
  3. CBeryllium has three valence orbitals.
  4. DMagnesium has a maximum covalency of four.

Correct answer

B. Boron has a maximum covalency of four.

Step-by-step solution

The electronic configuration of Boron (atomic number 5 ) is 1s² 2s² 2p¹ . Its valence shell is the second shell ( n=2 ), which contains one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals, giving a total of four valence orbitals. Due to the absence of d -orbitals in its valence shell, Boron cannot expand its octet and has a maximum covalency of four (e.g., in [BF₄]⁻ ). Aluminium ( n=3 ) has one 3s , three 3p , and five 3d orbitals in its valence shell, making a total of nine valence orbitals. Beryllium ( n=2 ) has one 2s and thre

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