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NEET2012ChemistryIonic EquilibriumActual

Buffer solutions have constant acidity and alkalinity because

Options

  1. Athese give unionised acid or base on reaction with added acid or alkali
  2. Bacids and alkalies in these solutions are shielded from attack by other ions
  3. Cthey have large excess of H ⁺ or OH ⁻ ions
  4. Dthey have fixed value of pH

Correct answer

A. these give unionised acid or base on reaction with added acid or alkali

Step-by-step solution

If small amount of an acid or alkali is added to a buffer solution, it converts them into unionised acid or base. Thus, its pH remains unaffected or in other words its acidity/alkalinity remains constant. e.g., aligned & H ₃ O ⁺+A⁻ H ₂ O + H A & ⁻ OH + H A H ₂ O +A⁻ aligned If acid is added, it reacts with A⁻ to form undissociated HA. Similarly, if base/alkali is added, OH ⁻ combines with H A to give H ₂ O and A⁻ and thus, maintains the acidity/ alkalinity of buffer solution.

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