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NEET 2026
Exam
NEET
Year
2026
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Current Electricity

NEET 2026 · Physics · Current Electricity

A uniform metallic wire having resistance 4\ is bent to form a...

A uniform metallic wire having resistance 4 Ω4\ \Omega is bent to form a square loop (ABCD) (see figure). A resistance of 2 Ω2\ \Omega is connected between points B and D and a battery of 22 V is connected across points A and C as shown in the figure. Now the value of current (II) is :
A uniform metallic wire having resistance 4\ is bent to form a square loop (ABCD) (see figure). A resistance of 2\ is

Options

  1. A22 A
  2. B88 A
  3. C4.54.5 A
  4. D44 A

Correct answer

A. 22 A

Step-by-step solution

The total resistance of the uniform wire is 4 Ω4\ \Omega. Since it is bent to form a square loop ABCD, the resistance of each of its four sides is equal.

Resistance of each side =44=1 Ω= \dfrac{4}{4} = 1\ \Omega.
Thus, RAB=RBC=RCD=RDA=1 ΩR_{AB} = R_{BC} = R_{CD} = R_{DA} = 1\ \Omega.

The given circuit can be redrawn as a Wheatstone bridge where the arms are AB, BC, AD, and DC, and the central arm is BD. The battery is connected across the opposite corners A and C.

Let's check the balance condition of the Wheatstone bridge:
RABRAD=11=1\dfrac{R_{AB}}{R_{AD}} = \dfrac{1}{1} = 1
RBCRDC=11=1\dfrac{R_{BC}}{R_{DC}} = \dfrac{1}{1} = 1

Since RABRAD=RBCRDC\dfrac{R_{AB}}{R_{AD}} = \dfrac{R_{BC}}{R_{DC}}, the Wheatstone bridge is balanced. This means the potential at point B is equal to the potential at point D (VB=VDV_B = V_D).

Therefore, no current will flow through the 2 Ω2\ \Omega resistor connected between B and D, and it can be removed from the circuit for calculation.

Now, the circuit simplifies to two parallel branches across the battery:
1. Upper branch (A →\rightarrow B →\rightarrow C) with resistance R1=RAB+RBC=1+1=2 ΩR_1 = R_{AB} + R_{BC} = 1 + 1 = 2\ \Omega.
2. Lower branch (A →\rightarrow D →\rightarrow C) with resistance R2=RAD+RDC=1+1=2 ΩR_2 = R_{AD} + R_{DC} = 1 + 1 = 2\ \Omega.

The equivalent resistance ReqR_{eq} of the circuit is the parallel combination of R1R_1 and R2R_2:
1Req=1R1+1R2=12+12=1 Ω−1\dfrac{1}{R_{eq}} = \dfrac{1}{R_1} + \dfrac{1}{R_2} = \dfrac{1}{2} + \dfrac{1}{2} = 1\ \Omega^{-1}
⇒Req=1 Ω\Rightarrow R_{eq} = 1\ \Omega

The total current II drawn from the battery is given by Ohm's law:
I=VReq=2 V1 Ω=2 AI = \dfrac{V}{R_{eq}} = \dfrac{2\text{ V}}{1\ \Omega} = 2\text{ A}.

Answer: 22 A
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