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NEET
Exam
NEET
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Mathematics in Physics

NEET · Physics · Mathematics in Physics

The kinetic energy of a moving body is given by K = (1)/(2)mv^2 ....

The kinetic energy of a moving body is given by K=12mv2K = \dfrac{1}{2}mv^2. If the mass of the body is measured as m=(2.0±0.1)m = (2.0 \pm 0.1) kg and its velocity as v=(5.0±0.2)v = (5.0 \pm 0.2) m/s, what is the maximum percentage error in the measurement of its kinetic energy?

Options

  1. A9%9\%
  2. B13%13\%
  3. C21%21\%
  4. D10.5%10.5\%

Correct answer

B. 13%13\%

Step-by-step solution

Given:
m=(2.0±0.1)m = (2.0 \pm 0.1) kg
v=(5.0±0.2)v = (5.0 \pm 0.2) m/s

The percentage error in mass is:
Δmm×100=0.12.0×100=5%\dfrac{\Delta m}{m} \times 100 = \dfrac{0.1}{2.0} \times 100 = 5\%

The percentage error in velocity is:
Δvv×100=0.25.0×100=4%\dfrac{\Delta v}{v} \times 100 = \dfrac{0.2}{5.0} \times 100 = 4\%

The formula for kinetic energy is K=12mv2K = \dfrac{1}{2}mv^2. The constant 12\dfrac{1}{2} does not contribute to the error.
The maximum percentage error in KK is:
ΔKK×100=(Δmm×100)+2(Δvv×100)\dfrac{\Delta K}{K} \times 100 = \left( \dfrac{\Delta m}{m} \times 100 \right) + 2 \left( \dfrac{\Delta v}{v} \times 100 \right)

Substituting the values:
ΔKK×100=5%+2(4%)=5%+8%=13%\dfrac{\Delta K}{K} \times 100 = 5\% + 2(4\%) = 5\% + 8\% = 13\%

Answer: 13%13\%
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