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NEET
Exam
NEET
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Mechanical Properties of Fluids

NEET · Physics · Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Read the following statements carefully: Statement I: The force...

Read the following statements carefully:

Statement I: The force exerted by a liquid on the base of a container is always equal to the total weight of the liquid in the container.
Statement II: In interconnected vessels of different shapes, a liquid at rest will reach the same horizontal level in all vessels.
Statement III: The hydrostatic pressure at a depth hh in a liquid is independent of the cross-sectional area of the containing vessel.
Statement IV: If a vessel is wider at the top than at the base, the force exerted by the liquid on its base is greater than the weight of the liquid it contains.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Options

  1. AOne
  2. BTwo
  3. CThree
  4. DFour

Correct answer

B. Two

Step-by-step solution

Let us evaluate each statement individually:

Statement I is incorrect. Due to the hydrostatic paradox, the force exerted by a liquid on the base of a container (F=P×A=ρghAF = P \times A = \rho g h A) is not necessarily equal to the total weight of the liquid. It is only equal if the vessel is perfectly cylindrical or prismatic.

Statement II is correct. In interconnected vessels, the liquid reaches the same horizontal level to ensure the pressure is equal at all points on the same horizontal plane, regardless of the shapes of the individual vessels.

Statement III is correct. The hydrostatic pressure at a depth hh is given by P=ρghP = \rho g h, which depends only on depth and density, not on the cross-sectional area.

Statement IV is incorrect. For a vessel wider at the top than at the base, the actual volume of the liquid VV is greater than the volume of a cylinder with the same base area and height (V>A×hV > A \times h). Thus, the weight of the liquid (W=ρVgW = \rho V g) is greater than the force on the base (F=ρAhgF = \rho A h g). The statement incorrectly claims the force is greater than the weight.

Therefore, exactly two statements (II and III) are correct.

Answer: Two
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