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NEET
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Physics
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Thermodynamics

NEET · Physics · Thermodynamics

An ideal gas undergoes a clockwise cyclic process consisting of...

An ideal gas undergoes a clockwise cyclic process consisting of three steps. The states of the gas at the vertices of the cycle on a P−VP-V diagram are (V0,2P0)(V_0, 2P_0), (3V0,2P0)(3V_0, 2P_0), and (V0,P0)(V_0, P_0). What is the ratio of the work done by the gas during the isobaric expansion segment to the net work done by the gas in the entire cycle?

Options

  1. A44
  2. B14\dfrac{1}{4}
  3. C22
  4. D11

Correct answer

A. 44

Step-by-step solution

The cyclic process forms a right-angled triangle on the P−VP-V diagram.

The isobaric expansion occurs at a constant pressure of 2P02P_0 from volume V0V_0 to 3V03V_0.
Work done during this expansion, W_\exp = P \Delta V = 2P_0(3V_0 - V_0) = 4P_0V_0.

The net work done in the clockwise cycle is the area of the triangle enclosed on the P−VP-V diagram.
Base of the triangle (change in volume) = 3V0−V0=2V03V_0 - V_0 = 2V_0.
Height of the triangle (change in pressure) = 2P0−P0=P02P_0 - P_0 = P_0.
Net work, Wnet=12×base×height=12×2V0×P0=P0V0W_{net} = \dfrac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height} = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 2V_0 \times P_0 = P_0V_0.

The required ratio is \dfrac{W_\exp}{W_{net}} = \dfrac{4P_0V_0}{P_0V_0} = 4.

Answer: 44
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