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The restriction endonuclease EcoRI recognizes the palindromic sequence 5'-GAATTC-3'. Which of the following accurately describes its cleavage action on this sequence?

Options

  1. AIt cuts exactly at the centre between A and T by breaking phosphodiester bonds.
  2. BIt cuts between G and A by breaking hydrogen bonds.
  3. CIt cuts between A and T by breaking hydrogen bonds.
  4. DIt cuts between G and A by breaking phosphodiester bonds.

Correct answer

D. It cuts between G and A by breaking phosphodiester bonds.

Step-by-step solution

EcoRI recognizes the palindromic sequence 5'-GAATTC-3'. It cuts the DNA strand a little away from the centre of the palindrome site, specifically between the bases G and A on both the strands. The enzyme achieves this by cleaving the phosphodiester bonds of the sugar-phosphate backbone. It does not break hydrogen bonds directly; rather, the hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases of the sticky ends separate subsequently. Therefore, the correct action is cutting between G and A by breaking phosphodiester bond

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