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During the formation of recombinant DNA, a vector and a foreign DNA are cut by the same restriction endonuclease and then joined using DNA ligase. Which of the following correctly identifies the specific chemical bonds broken by the restriction enzyme and the bonds formed by DNA ligase, respectively?

Options

  1. AHydrogen bonds and Phosphodiester bonds
  2. BPhosphodiester bonds and Phosphodiester bonds
  3. CPhosphodiester bonds and Hydrogen bonds
  4. DHydrogen bonds and Hydrogen bonds

Correct answer

B. Phosphodiester bonds and Phosphodiester bonds

Step-by-step solution

Restriction endonucleases function by inspecting the length of a DNA sequence and binding to specific palindromic recognition sequences. Once bound, they cut each of the two strands of the double helix at specific points in their sugar-phosphate backbones, thereby breaking phosphodiester bonds. When the vector and foreign DNA are cut by the same enzyme, they produce complementary sticky ends. These sticky ends form hydrogen bonds with their complementary counterparts spontaneously due to base pairing. Finally, the

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