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Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can amplify a single copy of a DNA segment to approximately one billion copies in 30 cycles. Reason (R): During each cycle of PCR, the amount of the target DNA increases in an arithmetic progression. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate a

Options

  1. ABoth (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
  2. BBoth (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
  3. C(A) is correct but (R) is not correct
  4. D(A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Correct answer

C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

Step-by-step solution

Assertion (A) is correct. According to NCERT, if the process of replication of DNA is repeated many times, the segment of DNA can be amplified to approximately 1 billion times, i.e., 1 billion copies are made at the end of 30 cycles. Reason (R) is incorrect. The amplification of DNA in PCR follows a geometric (or exponential) progression, not an arithmetic progression. In each cycle, the number of DNA molecules doubles (following the relation 2^n ), leading to exponential growth. Answer: (A) is correct but (R) is n

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