Paragraph: Tollen's reagent is used for the detection of aldehyde when a solution of AgNO ₃ is added to glucose with NH ₄ OH then gluconic acid is formed array rr Ag ⁺+e⁻ Ag & E_ red ^ =0.8 ~V C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆+ H ₂ O Gluconic acid ( C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₇ )+2 H ⁺+2 e⁻ ; & -E_ red ^ =-0.05 ~V Ag ( NH ₃ )₂⁺+e⁻ Ag (s)+2 NH ₃ ; & E_ red ^ =0.337 ~V array [Use 2.303 R T F =0.0592 and F R T =38.92 at 298 ~K ] Question: 2 Ag ⁺+ C ₆ H ₁₂

Step-by-step solution

Cell reaction, (i) Ag ⁺+e⁻ Ag ( s ), E_ red ^ =0.8 ~V (ii) C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆+ H ₂ O C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₇+2 H ⁺+2 e⁻, E_ oxid =-0.05 ~V Hence, for reaction aligned 2 Ag ⁺+ C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆+ H ₂ O & 2 Ag (s)+ C ₆ H ₁₂ O 7+2 H ⁺ E_ cell ^ & =(0.8-0.05)=0.75 ~V E_ cell ^ & =E_ anode ^ -E_ cathode ^ =[-0.05-(-0.8)]_ V aligned On the basis of oxidised electrode potential =0.75 ~V By Nernst equation, E_ cell =E_ cell ^ - 2.303 R T n F ₁₀ K At equilibrium, E_ cell =0 aligned E_ cell ^ & = 2.303 R T n F ₁₀ K 0.75 & = 0.0592 2 ₁₀ K ₁₀ K & =