Consider the above reaction, the product X and Y respectively are :

This is an aldol condensation reaction.There are few steps take place in this reaction:

Step 1: Acid base reaction takes place in between base and alpha hydrogen of cyclo pentanone and carbanion is formed.

Step 2: In this step formed carbanion behaves as nucleophile and attack on carbonyl compound carbon.

Step 3: Water gives proton and release hydroxide ion as shown below

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