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JEE Main 20262 AprilMorning Shift
Exam
JEE Main
Year
2026
Date
2 April
Shift
Morning Shift
Subject
Chemistry
Chapter
Electrochemistry

JEE Main 2026 · 2 April · Morning Shift · Chemistry · Electrochemistry

An electrochemical cell is constructed using half cells in the...

An electrochemical cell is constructed using half cells in the direction of spontaneous change
Fe(OH)2(s)+2e−→Fe(s)+2OH−(aq)Eθ=−0.88Fe(OH)_2(s) + 2e^- \rightarrow Fe(s) + 2OH^-(aq) \quad E^\theta = -0.88 V
and AgBr(s)+e−→Ag(s)+Br−(aq)Eθ=+0.07AgBr(s) + e^- \rightarrow Ag(s) + Br^-(aq) \quad E^\theta = +0.07 V
Which of the following option is correct?

Options

  1. AOverall reaction Fe(s)+2OH−(aq)+2AgBr(s)⇌Fe(OH)2(s)+2Ag(s)+2Br−(aq)Fe(s) + 2OH^-(aq) + 2AgBr(s) \rightleftharpoons Fe(OH)_2(s) + 2Ag(s) + 2Br^-(aq)
  2. BEcellθ=−0.95E^\theta_{cell} = -0.95 V
  3. CFe is reduced in the electrochemical cell
  4. DEcellθE^\theta_{cell} is an extensive property

Correct answer

A. Overall reaction Fe(s)+2OH−(aq)+2AgBr(s)⇌Fe(OH)2(s)+2Ag(s)+2Br−(aq)Fe(s) + 2OH^-(aq) + 2AgBr(s) \rightleftharpoons Fe(OH)_2(s) + 2Ag(s) + 2Br^-(aq)

Step-by-step solution

For a spontaneous reaction, the cell potential EcellθE^{\theta}_{cell} must be positive. The half-cell with the higher standard reduction potential acts as the cathode (reduction), and the one with the lower standard reduction potential acts as the anode (oxidation).

Given standard reduction potentials:
EAgBr/Agθ=+0.07E^{\theta}_{AgBr/Ag} = +0.07 V
EFe(OH)2/Feθ=−0.88E^{\theta}_{Fe(OH)_2/Fe} = -0.88 V

Since +0.07+0.07 V >−0.88> -0.88 V, AgBrAgBr undergoes reduction at the cathode and FeFe undergoes oxidation at the anode.

Cathode reaction: 2AgBr(s)+2e−→2Ag(s)+2Br−(aq)2AgBr(s) + 2e^{-} \rightarrow 2Ag(s) + 2Br^{-}(aq)
Anode reaction: Fe(s)+2OH−(aq)→Fe(OH)2(s)+2e−Fe(s) + 2OH^{-}(aq) \rightarrow Fe(OH)_2(s) + 2e^{-}

Overall cell reaction:
Fe(s)+2OH−(aq)+2AgBr(s)⇌Fe(OH)2(s)+2Ag(s)+2Br−(aq)Fe(s) + 2OH^{-}(aq) + 2AgBr(s) \rightleftharpoons Fe(OH)_2(s) + 2Ag(s) + 2Br^{-}(aq)

Standard cell potential:
Ecellθ=Ecathodeθ−Eanodeθ=0.07−(−0.88)=+0.95E^{\theta}_{cell} = E^{\theta}_{cathode} - E^{\theta}_{anode} = 0.07 - (-0.88) = +0.95 V

EcellθE^{\theta}_{cell} is an intensive property, and FeFe is oxidized in the cell. Thus, only the overall reaction given in the first option is correct.

Answer: Overall reaction Fe(s)+2OH−(aq)+2AgBr(s)⇌Fe(OH)2(s)+2Ag(s)+2Br−(aq)Fe(s) + 2OH^-(aq) + 2AgBr(s) \rightleftharpoons Fe(OH)_2(s) + 2Ag(s) + 2Br^-(aq)
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