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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Circular Motion

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Circular Motion

Travelling at a speed of 36 km/hr , a car is taking a turn on a...

Travelling at a speed of 36 km/hr36\text{ km/hr}, a car is taking a turn on a circular road of radius 50 m50\text{ m}. A small wooden plate is positioned on the seat with its plane perpendicular to the radius of the circular road. A small block of mass 100 g100\text{ g} is placed on the seat, resting against the plate. The friction coefficient between the block and the plate is μ=0.58\mu = 0.58. The plate is subsequently turned slowly such that the angle between the normal to the plate and the radius of the road gradually increases. Determine the angle at which the block will just start sliding on the plate.

Options

  1. A60∘60^\circ
  2. B30∘30^\circ
  3. C45∘45^\circ
  4. D35∘35^\circ

Correct answer

D. 35∘35^\circ

Step-by-step solution

In the rotating frame of the car, the block experiences a centrifugal force Fc=mv2RF_c = \dfrac{mv^2}{R} directed radially outwards.

Let θ\theta be the angle between the normal to the plate and the radius of the circular road. The centrifugal force can be resolved into two components relative to the vertical plate. The component perpendicular to the plate provides the normal force N=Fccos⁡θN = F_c \cos\theta, and the component parallel to the plate is the driving force F∥=Fcsin⁡θF_{\parallel} = F_c \sin\theta.

The maximum static frictional force between the block and the plate is f_\max = \mu N = \mu F_c \cos\theta.

The block will just start sliding when the parallel component of the centrifugal force equals the maximum static frictional force:

Fcsin⁡θ=μFccos⁡θF_c \sin\theta = \mu F_c \cos\theta

tan⁡θ=μ\tan\theta = \mu

Given μ=0.58\mu = 0.58, we get:

tan⁡θ=0.58\tan\theta = 0.58

Since tan⁡30∘=13≈0.577\tan 30^\circ = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \approx 0.577, the angle at which the block starts sliding is θ=30∘\theta = 30^\circ.

Answer: 30∘30^\circ
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