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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Bohr's Model and Physics of the Atom

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Bohr's Model and Physics of the Atom

Emitted from an electron gun with almost zero velocity, electrons...

Emitted from an electron gun with almost zero velocity, electrons are accelerated by an electric field EE over a distance of 1.0 m1.0 \text{ m}. These electrons are subsequently scattered by a sample of atomic hydrogen in its ground state. Determine the minimum value of EE required for the hydrogen to emit red light of wavelength 656.3 nm656.3 \text{ nm}.

Options

  1. A1.9 V/m1.9 \text{ V/m}
  2. B12.1 V/m12.1 \text{ V/m}
  3. C10.2 V/m10.2 \text{ V/m}
  4. D13.6 V/m13.6 \text{ V/m}

Correct answer

B. 12.1 V/m12.1 \text{ V/m}

Step-by-step solution

The wavelength of the emitted red light is 656.3 nm656.3 \text{ nm}, which corresponds to the Balmer series transition from n=3n = 3 to n=2n = 2.

For the hydrogen atom to emit this light, it must first be excited from its ground state (n=1n = 1) to at least the n=3n = 3 state.

The energy required for this excitation is:

ΔE=13.6(112−132) eV\Delta E = 13.6 \left( \dfrac{1}{1^2} - \dfrac{1}{3^2} \right) \text{ eV}

ΔE=13.6×89 eV≈12.1 eV\Delta E = 13.6 \times \dfrac{8}{9} \text{ eV} \approx 12.1 \text{ eV}

The kinetic energy gained by an electron accelerated by an electric field EE over a distance dd is given by K=eEdK = eEd.

To excite the hydrogen atom, the kinetic energy of the electron must be at least equal to the excitation energy:

eEd=12.1 eVeEd = 12.1 \text{ eV}

Given d=1.0 md = 1.0 \text{ m}, we have:

e×E×1.0=12.1 eVe \times E \times 1.0 = 12.1 \text{ eV}

E=12.1 V/mE = 12.1 \text{ V/m}
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