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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Heat Transfer

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Heat Transfer

A copper sphere is suspended within an evacuated chamber kept at...

A copper sphere is suspended within an evacuated chamber kept at 300 K300 \text{ K}. The sphere is kept at a constant temperature of 500 K500 \text{ K} by heating it electrically, which requires 210 W210 \text{ W} of electric power. Once the surface of the copper sphere is completely blackened, 700 W700 \text{ W} is required to maintain the sphere at the same temperature. Determine the emissivity of copper.

Options

  1. A0.210.21
  2. B0.60.6
  3. C0.70.7
  4. D0.30.3

Correct answer

D. 0.30.3

Step-by-step solution

According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law, the net rate of heat loss by radiation from a body is given by P=eσA(T4−T04)P = e \sigma A (T^4 - T_0^4).

For the copper sphere, the power required to maintain its temperature is:

P1=eσA(T4−T04)=210 WP_1 = e \sigma A (T^4 - T_0^4) = 210 \text{ W}

When the sphere is completely blackened, it behaves as a black body with an emissivity of 11. The power required is:

P2=(1)σA(T4−T04)=700 WP_2 = (1) \sigma A (T^4 - T_0^4) = 700 \text{ W}

Dividing the equation for the copper sphere by the equation for the blackened sphere, we get:

e=P1P2=210700=0.3e = \dfrac{P_1}{P_2} = \dfrac{210}{700} = 0.3

Thus, the emissivity of copper is 0.30.3.
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