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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Photoelectric Effect and Wave–Particle Duality

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Photoelectric Effect and Wave–Particle Duality

In a photoelectric effect experiment, the emitter and collector...

In a photoelectric effect experiment, the emitter and collector plates are separated by 10 cm10 \text{ cm} and connected via an ammeter without any cell (as shown in the figure). A magnetic field BB is applied parallel to the plates. The emitter has a work function of 2.39 eV2.39 \text{ eV}, and the incident light contains wavelengths ranging from 400 nm400 \text{ nm} to 600 nm600 \text{ nm}. Determine the minimum value of BB such that the current registered by the ammeter becomes zero. Neglect any space charge effects.
In a photoelectric effect experiment, the emitter and collector plates are separated by 10 cm and connected via an

Options

  1. A5.70×10−5 T5.70 \times 10^{-5} \text{ T}
  2. B1.42×10−5 T1.42 \times 10^{-5} \text{ T}
  3. C2.85×10−4 T2.85 \times 10^{-4} \text{ T}
  4. D2.85×10−5 T2.85 \times 10^{-5} \text{ T}

Correct answer

D. 2.85×10−5 T2.85 \times 10^{-5} \text{ T}

Step-by-step solution

The maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons corresponds to the minimum wavelength of the incident light, λ=400 nm\lambda = 400 \text{ nm}.

The energy of the incident photon is given by:
E=hcλ=1242 eV nm400 nm=3.105 eVE = \dfrac{hc}{\lambda} = \dfrac{1242 \text{ eV nm}}{400 \text{ nm}} = 3.105 \text{ eV}

Using Einstein's photoelectric equation, the maximum kinetic energy K_\max is:
K_\max = E - \phi = 3.105 \text{ eV} - 2.39 \text{ eV} = 0.715 \text{ eV}

For the ammeter to register zero current, the magnetic field must be strong enough to prevent even the most energetic photoelectrons from reaching the collector plate. Assuming the limiting case is for electrons emitted perpendicular to the plates, their trajectory will be a circle. To just miss the opposite plate, the radius of this circular path must be equal to the plate separation dd.

R = \dfrac{mv_\max}{eB} = d

The maximum velocity v_\max is related to K_\max by K_\max = \dfrac{1}{2}mv_\max^2, which gives v_\max = \sqrt{\dfrac{2K_\max}{m}}.

Substituting v_\max into the radius equation:
B = \dfrac{\sqrt{2mK_\max}}{ed}

Substituting the standard values (m=9.1×10−31 kgm = 9.1 \times 10^{-31} \text{ kg}, e=1.6×10−19 Ce = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C}, d=0.1 md = 0.1 \text{ m}):
B=2×9.1×10−31×0.715×1.6×10−191.6×10−19×0.1B = \dfrac{\sqrt{2 \times 9.1 \times 10^{-31} \times 0.715 \times 1.6 \times 10^{-19}}}{1.6 \times 10^{-19} \times 0.1}

B=20.82×10−501.6×10−20B = \dfrac{\sqrt{20.82 \times 10^{-50}}}{1.6 \times 10^{-20}}

B=4.56×10−251.6×10−20=2.85×10−5 TB = \dfrac{4.56 \times 10^{-25}}{1.6 \times 10^{-20}} = 2.85 \times 10^{-5} \text{ T}

Answer: 2.85×10−5 T2.85 \times 10^{-5} \text{ T}
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