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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Heat Transfer

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Heat Transfer

A heated body radiates energy with a maximum intensity around the...

A heated body radiates energy with a maximum intensity around the frequency ν0\nu_0. The emissivity of the material is 0.50.5. If the absolute temperature of the body is doubled,

Options

  1. Athe total energy emitted will increase by a factor of 1616
  2. Bthe maximum intensity of the radiation will be near the frequency 2ν02\nu_0
  3. Cthe maximum intensity of the radiation will be near the frequency ν0/2\nu_0/2
  4. Dthe total energy emitted will increase by a factor of 88

Correct answer

B. the maximum intensity of the radiation will be near the frequency 2ν02\nu_0

Step-by-step solution

According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law, the total energy radiated per unit area per unit time by a body is given by E=ϵσT4E = \epsilon \sigma T^4, where ϵ\epsilon is the emissivity and TT is the absolute temperature.

When the absolute temperature is doubled (T′=2TT' = 2T), the new total energy emitted is E′=ϵσ(2T)4=16ϵσT4=16EE' = \epsilon \sigma (2T)^4 = 16 \epsilon \sigma T^4 = 16E.

Thus, the total energy emitted increases by a factor of 1616.

According to Wien's displacement law, the wavelength corresponding to maximum spectral emissive power is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature, λm∝1T\lambda_m \propto \dfrac{1}{T}.

Since frequency ν=cλ\nu = \dfrac{c}{\lambda}, the frequency corresponding to maximum intensity is directly proportional to the absolute temperature, νm∝T\nu_m \propto T.

When the temperature is doubled, the frequency of maximum intensity also doubles. Thus, the new frequency is 2ν02\nu_0.
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