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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Magnetic Field

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Magnetic Field

If a charged particle travels without acceleration in a region...

If a charged particle travels without acceleration in a region containing electric and magnetic fields,

Options

  1. AEE must be equal to vBvB
  2. BE⃗\vec{E} must be perpendicular to B⃗\vec{B}
  3. Cv⃗\vec{v} must be perpendicular to B⃗\vec{B}
  4. Dv⃗\vec{v} must be perpendicular to E⃗\vec{E}

Correct answer

D. v⃗\vec{v} must be perpendicular to E⃗\vec{E}

Step-by-step solution

The Lorentz force on a charged particle is given by F⃗=q(E⃗+v⃗×B⃗)\vec{F} = q(\vec{E} + \vec{v} \times \vec{B}).

For the particle to move without acceleration, the net force must be zero:

q(E⃗+v⃗×B⃗)=0q(\vec{E} + \vec{v} \times \vec{B}) = 0

E⃗=−(v⃗×B⃗)=B⃗×v⃗\vec{E} = -(\vec{v} \times \vec{B}) = \vec{B} \times \vec{v}

From the properties of the cross product, the vector E⃗\vec{E} must be perpendicular to both B⃗\vec{B} and v⃗\vec{v}.

Therefore, E⃗⊥B⃗\vec{E} \perp \vec{B} and v⃗⊥E⃗\vec{v} \perp \vec{E}.

The magnitude of the electric field is E=vBsin⁡θE = vB \sin \theta, where θ\theta is the angle between v⃗\vec{v} and B⃗\vec{B}. Thus, EE is not necessarily equal to vBvB, and v⃗\vec{v} is not necessarily perpendicular to B⃗\vec{B}.
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