A horizontal circular loop carries a current that appears clockwise when observed from above. It is substituted by an equivalent magnetic dipole consisting of a south pole S and a north pole N .

Step-by-step solution

According to the right-hand thumb rule, for a circular loop carrying a clockwise current when viewed from above, the magnetic field lines pass through the loop from top to bottom. This implies that the upper face of the loop acts as a South pole, as magnetic field lines enter it, and the lower face acts as a North pole, as magnetic field lines emerge from it. When the loop is substituted by an equivalent magnetic dipole, the axis of the dipole, which is the line joining the South pole S and the North pole N , must