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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]PhysicsPhotoelectric Effect and Wave–Particle Duality

A photon of energy h is absorbed by a free electron of a metal with a work function < h .

Options

  1. AThe electron either does not emerge or it emerges with a kinetic energy of h - .
  2. BThe electron is certain to be emitted.
  3. CThe electron may emerge with a kinetic energy less than h - .
  4. DThe electron is certain to be emitted with a kinetic energy of h - .

Correct answer

C. The electron may emerge with a kinetic energy less than h - .

Step-by-step solution

According to Einstein's photoelectric equation, the maximum kinetic energy of an emitted photoelectron is given by K_ = h - . This maximum kinetic energy corresponds to the electrons emitted from the surface without suffering any collisions. However, when a photon is absorbed by an electron deeper inside the metal, the electron may suffer collisions with other atoms or electrons before reaching the surface, thereby losing a part of its energy. As a result, the kinetic energy of the emitted electron can be any value

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