NEET 2026
- Exam
- NEET
- Year
- 2026
- Subject
- Chemistry
- Chapter
- Chapter
NEET 2026 · Chemistry · Chapter
An analytical chemist needs to perform the following four...
An analytical chemist needs to perform the following four separations:
(I) Separation of a mixture of ether (b.p. ) and toluene (b.p. )
(II) Separation of two miscible liquids having a boiling point difference of
(III) Purification of an organic liquid that decomposes at its normal boiling point
(IV) Separation of -nitrophenol from a mixture containing -nitrophenol
Which of the following sequences correctly identifies the most appropriate distillation techniques for (I), (II), (III), and (IV) respectively?
(I) Separation of a mixture of ether (b.p. ) and toluene (b.p. )
(II) Separation of two miscible liquids having a boiling point difference of
(III) Purification of an organic liquid that decomposes at its normal boiling point
(IV) Separation of -nitrophenol from a mixture containing -nitrophenol
Which of the following sequences correctly identifies the most appropriate distillation techniques for (I), (II), (III), and (IV) respectively?
Options
- AFractional distillation, Simple distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure, Steam distillation
- BSimple distillation, Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure, Steam distillation
- CSimple distillation, Fractional distillation, Steam distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure
- DSteam distillation, Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure, Simple distillation
Correct answer
B. Simple distillation, Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure, Steam distillation
Step-by-step solution
For (I), simple distillation is used for separating liquids having a boiling point difference greater than . Here, the difference is .
For (II), fractional distillation is used for separating miscible liquids having a boiling point difference less than . Here, the difference is .
For (III), distillation under reduced pressure is used for purifying liquids that decompose at or near their normal boiling points. Lowering the pressure decreases the boiling point, preventing decomposition.
For (IV), steam distillation is used to separate steam-volatile compounds from non-steam-volatile ones. -nitrophenol is steam volatile due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding, whereas -nitrophenol is not steam volatile due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
The correct sequence is Simple distillation, Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure, Steam distillation.
Answer: Simple distillation, Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure, Steam distillation
For (II), fractional distillation is used for separating miscible liquids having a boiling point difference less than . Here, the difference is .
For (III), distillation under reduced pressure is used for purifying liquids that decompose at or near their normal boiling points. Lowering the pressure decreases the boiling point, preventing decomposition.
For (IV), steam distillation is used to separate steam-volatile compounds from non-steam-volatile ones. -nitrophenol is steam volatile due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding, whereas -nitrophenol is not steam volatile due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
The correct sequence is Simple distillation, Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure, Steam distillation.
Answer: Simple distillation, Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure, Steam distillation