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NEET 2026
Exam
NEET
Year
2026
Subject
Chemistry
Chapter
Chapter

NEET 2026 · Chemistry · Chapter

For the gas-phase reaction X_2(g) + Y_2(g) leftharpoons 2XY(g) ,...

For the gas-phase reaction X2(g)+Y2(g)⇌2XY(g)X_2(g) + Y_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2XY(g), the equilibrium concentrations of X2X_2, Y2Y_2, and XYXY at 500 K500\text{ K} are 0.01 mol L−10.01\text{ mol L}^{-1}, 0.01 mol L−10.01\text{ mol L}^{-1}, and 0.1 mol L−10.1\text{ mol L}^{-1} respectively.

Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG∘\Delta G^\circ) for this reaction.
(Given: R=8.314 J K−1 mol−1R = 8.314\text{ J K}^{-1}\text{ mol}^{-1}, ln⁡10=2.303\ln 10 = 2.303)

Options

  1. A−28.72 kJ mol−1-28.72\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}
  2. B+19.15 kJ mol−1+19.15\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}
  3. C−19.15 kJ mol−1-19.15\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}
  4. D−8.31 kJ mol−1-8.31\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}

Correct answer

C. −19.15 kJ mol−1-19.15\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}

Step-by-step solution

The equilibrium constant KcK_c is given by:

Kc=[XY]2[X2][Y2]K_c = \dfrac{[XY]^2}{[X_2][Y_2]}

Substituting the given equilibrium concentrations:

Kc=(0.1)2(0.01)(0.01)=0.010.0001=100K_c = \dfrac{(0.1)^2}{(0.01)(0.01)} = \dfrac{0.01}{0.0001} = 100

Since the change in the number of moles of gas Δng=2−(1+1)=0\Delta n_g = 2 - (1+1) = 0, the equilibrium constant in terms of pressure is Kp=Kc=100K_p = K_c = 100.

The standard Gibbs free energy change is related to the equilibrium constant by the equation:

ΔG∘=−RTln⁡Kp\Delta G^\circ = -RT \ln K_p

Substituting the values:

ΔG∘=−8.314×500×ln⁡(100)\Delta G^\circ = -8.314 \times 500 \times \ln(100)

ΔG∘=−8.314×500×2ln⁡10\Delta G^\circ = -8.314 \times 500 \times 2 \ln 10

ΔG∘=−8.314×500×2×2.303\Delta G^\circ = -8.314 \times 500 \times 2 \times 2.303

ΔG∘=−19147.14 J mol−1\Delta G^\circ = -19147.14 \text{ J mol}^{-1}

ΔG∘=−19.15 kJ mol−1\Delta G^\circ = -19.15 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}

Answer: −19.15 kJ mol−1-19.15\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}
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