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NEET 2026
Exam
NEET
Year
2026
Subject
Chemistry
Chapter
Chapter

NEET 2026 · Chemistry · Chapter

The given P-V graph illustrates the reversible isothermal expansion...

The given P-V graph illustrates the reversible isothermal expansion of a fixed amount of an ideal gas from an initial
The given P−VP-V graph illustrates the reversible isothermal expansion of a fixed amount of an ideal gas from an initial volume ViV_i to a final volume VfV_f at two different constant temperatures, T1T_1 and T2T_2. Let W1W_1 and W2W_2 be the magnitudes of the work done by the gas during the expansion at temperatures T1T_1 and T2T_2, respectively. Based on the graph, which of the following statements is correct?

Options

  1. AW2>W1W_2 > W_1 because the area under the P−VP-V curve at T2T_2 is greater than the area under the curve at T1T_1.
  2. BW1>W2W_1 > W_2 because the gas exerts less pressure at lower temperatures, allowing for easier expansion.
  3. CW1=W2W_1 = W_2 because the change in volume (ΔV=Vf−Vi\Delta V = V_f - V_i) is identical for both processes.
  4. DW1=W2W_1 = W_2 because the change in internal energy (ΔU\Delta U) is zero for any isothermal process of an ideal gas.

Correct answer

A. W2>W1W_2 > W_1 because the area under the P−VP-V curve at T2T_2 is greater than the area under the curve at T1T_1.

Step-by-step solution

The work done by a gas during a reversible expansion is given by the area under the P−VP-V curve, which is mathematically represented as W=∫ViVfP dVW = \int_{V_i}^{V_f} P \, dV.

From the given graph, it is evident that the isotherm for temperature T2T_2 lies above the isotherm for temperature T1T_1. This means that for any given volume between ViV_i and VfV_f, the pressure at T2T_2 is greater than the pressure at T1T_1.

Consequently, the area under the P−VP-V curve at T2T_2 is greater than the area under the curve at T1T_1.

Therefore, the magnitude of the work done at T2T_2 is greater than the magnitude of the work done at T1T_1, i.e., W2>W1W_2 > W_1.

Answer: W2>W1W_2 > W_1 because the area under the P−VP-V curve at T2T_2 is greater than the area under the curve at T1T_1.
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