Benzene undergoes chlorination under different conditions to yield distinct major organic products. Reaction I: Benzene reacts with chlorine gas in the presence of ultraviolet light to form product P . Reaction II: Benzene reacts with excess chlorine gas in the dark in the presence of anhydrous FeCl₃ to form product Q . The number of sp^3 hybridized carbon atoms present in one molecule of P and Q , respectively, are

Step-by-step solution

Reaction I involves the free radical addition of chlorine to benzene in the presence of ultraviolet light. This results in the formation of benzene hexachloride ( C₆H₆Cl₆ ), also known as BHC or gammexane. In BHC, the aromatic ring is lost and all six carbon atoms are bonded to four atoms (two carbons, one hydrogen, and one chlorine), making them sp^3 hybridized. Reaction II involves the electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene with excess chlorine in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst (anhydrous FeCl₃ ) i