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JEE Main
Exam
JEE Main
Subject
Mathematics
Chapter
Trigonometric Ratios & Identities

JEE Main · Mathematics · Trigonometric Ratios & Identities

Let S_n = ∑_ k=1 ^ n (((2k-1)π)/(12)) (((2k+1)π)/(12)) . If S_n = 2...

Let Sn=∑k=1nsec⁡((2k−1)π12)sec⁡((2k+1)π12)S_n = \sum_{k=1}^{n} \sec\left(\dfrac{(2k-1)\pi}{12}\right) \sec\left(\dfrac{(2k+1)\pi}{12}\right). If Sn=23−6S_n = 2\sqrt{3} - 6, then the sum of the first three positive integer values of nn for which this holds is

Options

  1. A2121
  2. B3030
  3. C1414
  4. D44

Correct answer

B. 3030

Step-by-step solution

The general term of the series is Tk=sec⁡((2k−1)π12)sec⁡((2k+1)π12)=1cos⁡((2k−1)π12)cos⁡((2k+1)π12)T_k = \sec\left(\dfrac{(2k-1)\pi}{12}\right) \sec\left(\dfrac{(2k+1)\pi}{12}\right) = \dfrac{1}{\cos\left(\dfrac{(2k-1)\pi}{12}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{(2k+1)\pi}{12}\right)}.

Notice that the difference between the angles is (2k+1)π12−(2k−1)π12=2π12=π6\dfrac{(2k+1)\pi}{12} - \dfrac{(2k-1)\pi}{12} = \dfrac{2\pi}{12} = \dfrac{\pi}{6}.

Multiplying and dividing by sin⁡(π6)=12\sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right) = \dfrac{1}{2}, we get:

Tk=2sin⁡((2k+1)π12−(2k−1)π12)cos⁡((2k−1)π12)cos⁡((2k+1)π12)=2[tan⁡((2k+1)π12)−tan⁡((2k−1)π12)]T_k = \dfrac{2 \sin\left(\dfrac{(2k+1)\pi}{12} - \dfrac{(2k-1)\pi}{12}\right)}{\cos\left(\dfrac{(2k-1)\pi}{12}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{(2k+1)\pi}{12}\right)} = 2 \left[ \tan\left(\dfrac{(2k+1)\pi}{12}\right) - \tan\left(\dfrac{(2k-1)\pi}{12}\right) \right]

Summing from k=1k=1 to nn, the series telescopes:

Sn=∑k=1nTk=2[tan⁡(3π12)−tan⁡(π12)+tan⁡(5π12)−tan⁡(3π12)+⋯+tan⁡((2n+1)π12)−tan⁡((2n−1)π12)]S_n = \sum_{k=1}^{n} T_k = 2 \left[ \tan\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{12}\right) - \tan\left(\dfrac{\pi}{12}\right) + \tan\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{12}\right) - \tan\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{12}\right) + \dots + \tan\left(\dfrac{(2n+1)\pi}{12}\right) - \tan\left(\dfrac{(2n-1)\pi}{12}\right) \right]

Sn=2[tan⁡((2n+1)π12)−tan⁡(π12)]S_n = 2 \left[ \tan\left(\dfrac{(2n+1)\pi}{12}\right) - \tan\left(\dfrac{\pi}{12}\right) \right]

We know that tan⁡(π12)=tan⁡(15∘)=2−3\tan\left(\dfrac{\pi}{12}\right) = \tan(15^\circ) = 2 - \sqrt{3}. Substituting this into the expression:

Sn=2tan⁡((2n+1)π12)−2(2−3)=2tan⁡((2n+1)π12)−4+23S_n = 2 \tan\left(\dfrac{(2n+1)\pi}{12}\right) - 2(2 - \sqrt{3}) = 2 \tan\left(\dfrac{(2n+1)\pi}{12}\right) - 4 + 2\sqrt{3}

We are given that Sn=23−6S_n = 2\sqrt{3} - 6. Equating the two expressions:

2tan⁡((2n+1)π12)−4+23=23−62 \tan\left(\dfrac{(2n+1)\pi}{12}\right) - 4 + 2\sqrt{3} = 2\sqrt{3} - 6

2tan⁡((2n+1)π12)=−2⇒tan⁡((2n+1)π12)=−12 \tan\left(\dfrac{(2n+1)\pi}{12}\right) = -2 \Rightarrow \tan\left(\dfrac{(2n+1)\pi}{12}\right) = -1

The general solution for tan⁡x=−1\tan x = -1 is x=mπ−π4x = m\pi - \dfrac{\pi}{4}, where m∈Zm \in \mathbb{Z}.

(2n+1)π12=mπ−π4=(4m−1)π4=(12m−3)π12\dfrac{(2n+1)\pi}{12} = m\pi - \dfrac{\pi}{4} = \dfrac{(4m-1)\pi}{4} = \dfrac{(12m-3)\pi}{12}

Equating the numerators: 2n+1=12m−3⇒2n=12m−4⇒n=6m−22n + 1 = 12m - 3 \Rightarrow 2n = 12m - 4 \Rightarrow n = 6m - 2.

For nn to be a positive integer, mm must be a positive integer (m=1,2,3,…m = 1, 2, 3, \dots).

For m=1m = 1, n=4n = 4.
For m=2m = 2, n=10n = 10.
For m=3m = 3, n=16n = 16.

The sum of the first three positive integer values of nn is 4+10+16=304 + 10 + 16 = 30.

Answer: 3030
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