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JEE Advanced 2026Paper 1
Exam
JEE Advanced
Year
2026
Paper
Paper 1
Subject
Mathematics
Chapter
Trigonometric Ratios & Identities

JEE Advanced 2026 · Paper 1 · Mathematics · Trigonometric Ratios & Identities

Let α = (1 - 2 ((π)/(11)))(1 - 2 ((3π)/(11)))(1 - 2 ((9π)/(11)))(1...

Let

α=(1−2cos⁡(π11))(1−2cos⁡(3π11))(1−2cos⁡(9π11))(1−2cos⁡(27π11))(1−2cos⁡(81π11))\alpha = \left(1 - 2\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{11}\right)\right)\left(1 - 2\cos\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{11}\right)\right)\left(1 - 2\cos\left(\dfrac{9\pi}{11}\right)\right)\left(1 - 2\cos\left(\dfrac{27\pi}{11}\right)\right)\left(1 - 2\cos\left(\dfrac{81\pi}{11}\right)\right).

Then the value of 5−α25 - \alpha^2 is _____________.

Correct answer

0

Step-by-step solution

Let the given expression be α\alpha. First, we simplify the angles in the product.

cos⁡(27π11)=cos⁡(2π+5π11)=cos⁡(5π11)\cos\left(\dfrac{27\pi}{11}\right) = \cos\left(2\pi + \dfrac{5\pi}{11}\right) = \cos\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{11}\right)

cos⁡(81π11)=cos⁡(7π+4π11)=−cos⁡(4π11)=cos⁡(π−4π11)=cos⁡(7π11)\cos\left(\dfrac{81\pi}{11}\right) = \cos\left(7\pi + \dfrac{4\pi}{11}\right) = -\cos\left(\dfrac{4\pi}{11}\right) = \cos\left(\pi - \dfrac{4\pi}{11}\right) = \cos\left(\dfrac{7\pi}{11}\right)

Thus, the angles are π11,3π11,5π11,7π11,9π11\dfrac{\pi}{11}, \dfrac{3\pi}{11}, \dfrac{5\pi}{11}, \dfrac{7\pi}{11}, \dfrac{9\pi}{11}, which can be written as θk=(2k−1)π11\theta_k = \dfrac{(2k-1)\pi}{11} for k=1,2,3,4,5k = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

The expression becomes:
α=∏k=15(1−2cos⁡θk)\alpha = \prod_{k=1}^{5} \left(1 - 2\cos\theta_k\right)

Using the trigonometric identity 1−2cos⁡θ=1−2(2cos⁡2(θ/2)−1)=3−4cos⁡2(θ/2)1 - 2\cos\theta = 1 - 2(2\cos^2(\theta/2) - 1) = 3 - 4\cos^2(\theta/2).
Multiplying and dividing by cos⁡(θ/2)\cos(\theta/2), we get:
1−2cos⁡θ=3cos⁡(θ/2)−4cos⁡3(θ/2)cos⁡(θ/2)=−cos⁡(3θ/2)cos⁡(θ/2)1 - 2\cos\theta = \dfrac{3\cos(\theta/2) - 4\cos^3(\theta/2)}{\cos(\theta/2)} = -\dfrac{\cos(3\theta/2)}{\cos(\theta/2)}

Applying this identity to the product:
α=∏k=15(−cos⁡(3θk/2)cos⁡(θk/2))=(−1)5∏k=15cos⁡(3θk/2)∏k=15cos⁡(θk/2)\alpha = \prod_{k=1}^{5} \left( -\dfrac{\cos(3\theta_k/2)}{\cos(\theta_k/2)} \right) = (-1)^5 \dfrac{\prod_{k=1}^{5} \cos(3\theta_k/2)}{\prod_{k=1}^{5} \cos(\theta_k/2)}

The terms in the denominator are cos⁡(π22),cos⁡(3π22),cos⁡(5π22),cos⁡(7π22),cos⁡(9π22)\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{22}\right), \cos\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{22}\right), \cos\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{22}\right), \cos\left(\dfrac{7\pi}{22}\right), \cos\left(\dfrac{9\pi}{22}\right).

The terms in the numerator are cos⁡(3π22),cos⁡(9π22),cos⁡(15π22),cos⁡(21π22),cos⁡(27π22)\cos\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{22}\right), \cos\left(\dfrac{9\pi}{22}\right), \cos\left(\dfrac{15\pi}{22}\right), \cos\left(\dfrac{21\pi}{22}\right), \cos\left(\dfrac{27\pi}{22}\right).

We can simplify the larger angles in the numerator:
cos⁡(15π22)=cos⁡(π−7π22)=−cos⁡(7π22)\cos\left(\dfrac{15\pi}{22}\right) = \cos\left(\pi - \dfrac{7\pi}{22}\right) = -\cos\left(\dfrac{7\pi}{22}\right)

cos⁡(21π22)=cos⁡(π−π22)=−cos⁡(π22)\cos\left(\dfrac{21\pi}{22}\right) = \cos\left(\pi - \dfrac{\pi}{22}\right) = -\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{22}\right)

cos⁡(27π22)=cos⁡(π+5π22)=−cos⁡(5π22)\cos\left(\dfrac{27\pi}{22}\right) = \cos\left(\pi + \dfrac{5\pi}{22}\right) = -\cos\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{22}\right)

Substituting these back into the numerator product:
∏k=15cos⁡(3θk/2)=cos⁡(3π22)cos⁡(9π22)(−cos⁡(7π22))(−cos⁡(π22))(−cos⁡(5π22))\prod_{k=1}^{5} \cos(3\theta_k/2) = \cos\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{22}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{9\pi}{22}\right) \left(-\cos\left(\dfrac{7\pi}{22}\right)\right) \left(-\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{22}\right)\right) \left(-\cos\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{22}\right)\right)

∏k=15cos⁡(3θk/2)=−[cos⁡(π22)cos⁡(3π22)cos⁡(5π22)cos⁡(7π22)cos⁡(9π22)]\prod_{k=1}^{5} \cos(3\theta_k/2) = - \left[ \cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{22}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{22}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{22}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{7\pi}{22}\right) \cos\left(\dfrac{9\pi}{22}\right) \right]

Notice that the term in the brackets is exactly the denominator product. Therefore, the ratio of the numerator product to the denominator product is −1-1.

α=(−1)5×(−1)=(−1)×(−1)=1\alpha = (-1)^5 \times (-1) = (-1) \times (-1) = 1

We need to find the value of 5−α25 - \alpha^2:
5−(1)2=5−1=45 - (1)^2 = 5 - 1 = 4

Answer: 44
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