Consider the nitration of benzene using mixed conc. H 2 S O 4 and H N O 3 . If a large amount of K H S O 4 is added to the mixture, the rate of nitration will be:

Step-by-step solution

Q = Product Reactant as product increase Q > K Q has became equal to K product has to decrease so equilibrium will shift backward direction. If we add K H S O 4 − , conc . H S O 4 − increases, equilibrium shifts backward.