2-Butene is thermodynamically more stable than 1-butene. Which of the following primary electronic displacement effects is responsible for this difference in stability?

Step-by-step solution

The stability of alkenes is primarily determined by the number of -hydrogens attached to the sp^2 hybridized carbon atoms, which participate in hyperconjugation. 2-Butene ( CH ₃- CH = CH - CH ₃ ) has 6 -hydrogens, leading to more extensive hyperconjugation. 1-Butene ( CH ₂= CH - CH ₂- CH ₃ ) has only 2 -hydrogens. The greater the number of hyperconjugative structures, the more stable the alkene. While the +I effect is present, hyperconjugation is the dominating factor for alkene stability. The electromeric effect i