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JEE Main 202430 JanuaryEvening Shift
Exam
JEE Main
Year
2024
Date
30 January
Shift
Evening Shift
Subject
Chemistry
Chapter
General Organic Chemistry

JEE Main 2024 · 30 January · Evening Shift · Chemistry · General Organic Chemistry

The correct stability order of carbocations is

The correct stability order of carbocations is

Options

  1. A(CH3)3C+>CH3−C+H2>(CH3)2C+H>C+H3{\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{3}{C}^{+} > {CH}_{3} - \overset{+}{C}{H}_{2} > {\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{2}\overset{+}{C}H > \overset{+}{C}{H}_{3}
  2. BC+H3>(CH3)2C+H>CH3−C+H2>(CH3)3C+\overset{+}{C}{H}_{3} > {\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{2}\overset{+}{C}H > {CH}_{3} - \overset{+}{C}{H}_{2} > {\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{3}\overset{+}{C}
  3. C(CH3)3C+>(CH3)2C+H>CH3−C+H2>C+H3{\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{3}\overset{+}{C} > {\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{2}\overset{+}{C}H > {CH}_{3} - \overset{+}{C}{H}_{2} > \overset{+}{C}{H}_{3}
  4. DCH3+>CH3−CH2+>CH3−CH+∣CH3>(CH3)C+\stackrel{+\quad}{\mathrm{C}\mathrm{H}_3}>\mathrm{CH}_3-\stackrel{+ \quad}{\mathrm{C} \mathrm{H}_2}>\mathrm{CH}_3-\underset{| \atop \stackrel{ \atop }{\huge \mathrm{CH}_3}}{\stackrel{+ \quad}{\mathrm{C} \mathrm{H}}}>\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right) \mathrm{C}^{+}

Correct answer

C. (CH3)3C+>(CH3)2C+H>CH3−C+H2>C+H3{\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{3}\overset{+}{C} > {\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{2}\overset{+}{C}H > {CH}_{3} - \overset{+}{C}{H}_{2} > \overset{+}{C}{H}_{3}

Step-by-step solution

(CH3)3C+−Tertiary carbocation(CH3)2C+H−Secondary carbocationCH3−C+H2−Primary carbocationC+H3−Methyl carbocation{\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{3}\overset{+}{C} - \text{Tertiary carbocation}{\left({CH}_{3}\right)}_{2}\overset{+}{C}H - \text{Secondary carbocation}{CH}_{3} - \overset{+}{C}{H}_{2} - \text{Primary carbocation}\overset{+}{C}{H}_{3} - \text{Methyl carbocation}

Stability of carbocations depends upon the electron releasing groups. The given carbocations stability can be explained by hyperconjugation effect. More the number of alpha hydrogen, more are number of hyperconjugation structures, hence, more is the stability of carbocation.

Thus, the observed order of stability for carbocations is as follows: tertiary > secondary > primary > methyl

Hence, option C is correct.

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