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99 Percentile Qs Bank for JEE MainChemistryp Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18)

Bond angle in P H 3 is closer to 90 ° while that in N H 3 is 104.5 ° . Which of the following best explains this structural feature?

Options

  1. ADue to larger size of the lone pair electron cloud, there is larger lone pair – bond pair repulsion in P H 3 c
  2. BHigher electronegativity of nitrogen concentrates the bond pair electron cloud near the central atom which inc
  3. CEnergy difference between 3 s and 3 p orbitals is quite high and hence the lone pair on phosphorous prefers to
  4. DPhosphorous forms p π - d π bonds while nitrogen does not.

Correct answer

C. Energy difference between 3 s and 3 p orbitals is quite high and hence the lone pair on phosphorous prefers to

Step-by-step solution

In the hydrides of group 15 and group 16 (except N H 3 and H 2 O ) the energy difference between 3 s and 3 p orbital’s is quite high. Hybridization increases the energy of 3 s orbital so much that lone pair rather prefers to occupy unhybridized s orbital. For example, in P H 3 , 600 k J m o l - 1 of energy is required to hybridize the central atom. So, to avoid such energy demanding hybridization P forms bonds with unhybridized p orbitals leaving the lone pair in the spherical s orbital which leads to a bond angle

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