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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Wave Motion and Waves on a String

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Wave Motion and Waves on a String

A wave travels along the positive x -direction with a speed of 20 m...

A wave travels along the positive xx-direction with a speed of 20 m s−120 \text{ m s}^{-1}. The amplitude of the wave is 0.20 cm0.20 \text{ cm} and the wavelength is 2.0 cm2.0 \text{ cm}. Assuming the wave is described by the equation y=(0.20 cm)sin⁡[(π cm−1)x−(2π×103 s−1)t]y = (0.20 \text{ cm}) \sin[(\pi \text{ cm}^{-1})x - (2\pi \times 10^3 \text{ s}^{-1})t], determine the displacement and velocity of the particle at x=2.0 cmx = 2.0 \text{ cm} at time t=0t = 0.

Options

  1. ADisplacement is zero, velocity is −4π m s−1-4\pi \text{ m s}^{-1}
  2. BDisplacement is zero, velocity is 4π m s−14\pi \text{ m s}^{-1}
  3. CDisplacement is 0.20 cm0.20 \text{ cm}, velocity is zero
  4. DDisplacement is −0.20 cm-0.20 \text{ cm}, velocity is zero

Correct answer

A. Displacement is zero, velocity is −4π m s−1-4\pi \text{ m s}^{-1}

Step-by-step solution

The given wave equation is y=0.20sin⁡(πx−2π×103t)y = 0.20 \sin(\pi x - 2\pi \times 10^3 t), where yy and xx are in cm and tt is in s.

Substituting x=2.0x = 2.0 cm and t=0t = 0 s into the equation:

y=0.20sin⁡(π×2.0−0)=0.20sin⁡(2π)=0y = 0.20 \sin(\pi \times 2.0 - 0) = 0.20 \sin(2\pi) = 0

The velocity of the particle is given by the partial derivative of displacement with respect to time:

vp=∂y∂t=∂∂t[0.20sin⁡(πx−2π×103t)]v_p = \dfrac{\partial y}{\partial t} = \dfrac{\partial}{\partial t} [0.20 \sin(\pi x - 2\pi \times 10^3 t)]

vp=0.20×(−2π×103)cos⁡(πx−2π×103t)v_p = 0.20 \times (-2\pi \times 10^3) \cos(\pi x - 2\pi \times 10^3 t)

vp=−400πcos⁡(πx−2π×103t) cm s−1v_p = -400\pi \cos(\pi x - 2\pi \times 10^3 t) \text{ cm s}^{-1}

Substituting x=2.0x = 2.0 cm and t=0t = 0 s:

vp=−400πcos⁡(2π)=−400π cm s−1v_p = -400\pi \cos(2\pi) = -400\pi \text{ cm s}^{-1}

Converting to m s−1\text{m s}^{-1}:

vp=−4π m s−1v_p = -4\pi \text{ m s}^{-1}

Thus, the displacement is zero and the velocity is −4π m s−1-4\pi \text{ m s}^{-1}.
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