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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Wave Motion and Waves on a String

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Wave Motion and Waves on a String

Two long strings, A and B , each possessing a linear mass density...

Two long strings, AA and BB, each possessing a linear mass density of 1.2×10−2 kg m−11.2 \times 10^{-2} \text{ kg m}^{-1}, are stretched by tensions of 4.8 N4.8 \text{ N} and 7.5 N7.5 \text{ N} respectively. They are kept parallel to each other with their left ends positioned at x=0x = 0. Wave pulses are initiated at these left ends at t=0t = 0 on string AA and at t=20 mst = 20 \text{ ms} on string BB. Determine when and where the pulse on string BB overtakes the pulse on string AA.

Options

  1. At=100 mst = 100 \text{ ms} at x=2.0 mx = 2.0 \text{ m}
  2. Bt=120 mst = 120 \text{ ms} at x=2.4 mx = 2.4 \text{ m}
  3. Ct=100 mst = 100 \text{ ms} at x=2.5 mx = 2.5 \text{ m}
  4. Dt=80 mst = 80 \text{ ms} at x=1.6 mx = 1.6 \text{ m}

Correct answer

A. t=100 mst = 100 \text{ ms} at x=2.0 mx = 2.0 \text{ m}

Step-by-step solution

The velocity of the wave pulse on string A is given by

vA=TAμ=4.81.2×10−2=20 m s−1v_A = \sqrt{\dfrac{T_A}{\mu}} = \sqrt{\dfrac{4.8}{1.2 \times 10^{-2}}} = 20 \text{ m s}^{-1}

The velocity of the wave pulse on string B is given by

vB=TBμ=7.51.2×10−2=25 m s−1v_B = \sqrt{\dfrac{T_B}{\mu}} = \sqrt{\dfrac{7.5}{1.2 \times 10^{-2}}} = 25 \text{ m s}^{-1}

Let the pulse on string B overtake the pulse on string A at time tt. The distance traveled by the pulse on string A in time tt is

xA=vAt=20tx_A = v_A t = 20t

The pulse on string B starts at t=20 ms=0.02 st = 20 \text{ ms} = 0.02 \text{ s}. The distance traveled by the pulse on string B is

xB=vB(t−0.02)=25(t−0.02)x_B = v_B (t - 0.02) = 25(t - 0.02)

Since both pulses meet at the same position, we equate xAx_A and xBx_B:

20t=25(t−0.02)20t = 25(t - 0.02)

20t=25t−0.520t = 25t - 0.5

5t=0.55t = 0.5

t=0.1 s=100 mst = 0.1 \text{ s} = 100 \text{ ms}

The position where they meet is

x=20×0.1=2.0 mx = 20 \times 0.1 = 2.0 \text{ m}
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