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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Friction

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Friction

A block rests on a rough floor while a horizontal force F is...

A block rests on a rough floor while a horizontal force FF is exerted on it. The frictional force ff acting on the block due to the floor is recorded for various values of FF, and a graph is plotted between the two variables.

Options

  1. AThere is a small kink present in the graph.
  2. BThe graph is a straight line with a slope of 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}}.
  3. CThe graph is a straight line with a slope of 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} for small FF and a straight line parallel to the FF-axis for large FF.
  4. DThe graph is a straight line parallel to the FF-axis.

Correct answer

C. The graph is a straight line with a slope of 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} for small FF and a straight line parallel to the FF-axis for large FF.

Step-by-step solution

When the applied horizontal force FF is less than the limiting static friction, the block remains at rest. In this region, the static frictional force ff adjusts itself to be equal in magnitude to the applied force FF. Thus, f=Ff = F, which represents a straight line passing through the origin with a slope of 45∘45^{{}^{{}^{\circ}}}.

When FF exceeds the limiting static friction fs,maxf_{s, max}, the block begins to slide. The frictional force then becomes kinetic friction fkf_{k}. Since the coefficient of kinetic friction μk\mu_{k} is generally slightly less than the coefficient of static friction μs\mu_{s}, the frictional force drops slightly from fs,maxf_{s, max} to fkf_{k}. This sudden drop appears as a small kink in the graph.

For all further increases in FF (large FF), the kinetic friction remains constant at fkf_{k}, making the graph a straight line parallel to the FF-axis.

Therefore, the graph has a slope of 45∘45^{{}^{{}^{\circ}}} for small FF, a small kink at the transition, and is parallel to the FF-axis for large FF.
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